Table 3.

Metabolites identified in first-trimester maternal serum adjusted for maternal BMI, diabetes and ethnicity.

Metabolite	Class	Adjusted β- coefficient (95% CI)	Adjusted p-value	AUC (95% CI)
C5OH (Hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine/Hydroxymethybutyrylcarnitine	Acyl carnitine	22.9 (−2.8–48.6)	0.081	0.77 (0.67–0.85)
C6OH (Hydroxyhexanoylcarnitine)	Acyl carnitine	42.2 (7.07–77.7)	0.019	0.78 (0.69–0.86)
Phenylalanine	Amino acid	0.084 (0.027–0.140)	0.004	0.80 (0.70–0.87)
Glutamate	Amino acid	0.022 (0.005–0.039)	0.011	0.79 (0.77–0.82)
Arginine	Amino acid	0.013 (0.008–0.027)	0.050	0.77 (0.74–0.80)
Alanine	Amino acid	0.018 (0.005–0.031)	0.008	0.78 (0.75–0.81)
Hydroxyproline	Amino acid	0.089 (−.002–0.182)	0.058	0.76 (0.66–0.84)
Combination of four significant metabolites			0.0001	0.82 (0.80–0.85)