Table 3.
Adjusted mean dietary intake at lunchtime on school days, by reported usual school lunch type: British children (n 1626) aged 9–10 years from the SPEEDY (Sport, Physical activity and Eating behaviour: Environmental Determinants in Young people) study
| SFT interim food-based standards | School meal (n 399) | Packed lunch (n 1227) | School-level variance | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Standard (per lunchtime) | Equivalent grams† | Mean‡ | se | % of daily intake | Mean‡ | se | % of daily intake | ICC | ||
| Energy (kJ) | 2435·4 | 40·5 | 33·2 | 2549·7 | 27·5 | 34·7 | 4·9 | ** | ||
| Fruit (g) | At least one portion | 40 | 20·3 | 3·2 | 22·5 | 51·0 | 2·1 | 50·9 | 4·1 | ** |
| Vegetables (g) | At least one portion | 40 | 47·6 | 2·6 | 42·5 | 20·9 | 2·1 | 21·6 | 15·8 | ** |
| Fruit and vegetables (g) | At least two portions | 80 | 69·6 | 4·0 | 34·4 | 71·9 | 2·9 | 36·5 | 7·5 | ** |
| Fruit juice (g) | A ‘Healthier drink’; consumption unlimited | N/A | 46·5 | 4·9 | 33·2 | 46·9 | 3·2 | 35·0 | 3·3 | ** |
| Carbonated drink (g) | Not allowed | 0 | 3·0 | 1·0 | 3·6 | 1·9 | 0·6 | 2·3 | 0·0 | NS |
| Squash/cordial (g) | Not allowed | 0 | 20·3 | 5·7 | 13·5 | 82·7 | 3·6 | 43·3 | 2·7 | ** |
| Savoury snacks (g)§ | Not allowed | 0 | 2·5 | 0·5 | 24·4 | 10·4 | 0·4 | 74·4 | 4·0 | ** |
| Sweet snacks (g)∥ | Not covered by standards | N/A | 40·5 | 1·8 | 46·9 | 22·6 | 1·2 | 30·0 | 6·1 | ** |
| Confectionery (g)¶ | Not allowed | 0 | 2·8 | 0·7 | 15·8 | 11·0 | 0·4 | 51·0 | 0·0 | NS |
| Chips (g) | Not covered by standards | N/A | 23·0 | 1·4 | 61·1 | 6·1 | 1·1 | 20·2 | 19·5 | ** |
| Bread (g) | Provided every day | N/A | 19·2 | 1·4 | 31·9 | 46·1 | 1·0 | 64·0 | 4·4 | ** |
| Starchy foods (g)†† | Provided every day | N/A | 61·6 | 1·9 | 38·1 | 54·7 | 1·3 | 34·4 | 4·6 | ** |
| Milk (g)‡‡ | A ‘Healthier drink’; consumption unlimited | N/A | 5·9 | 0·9 | 6·7 | 0·7 | 0·5 | 0·8 | 0·0 | NS |
ICC, intra-class correlation (percentage of variance at the school level in multilevel model for lunchtime intake on school days; **P < 0·01); N/A, not applicable.
†Equivalent grams based on estimated portion sizes used for data entry.
‡Means adjusted for sex, BMI, socio-economic status, ratio of reported energy intake to estimated energy requirements, and, for food types only, total energy.
§Savoury snacks include: potato, cereal, soya, nuts, seeds, fruit or vegetable snacks with added salt or sugar.
∥Sweet snacks include: cakes, biscuits, puddings and desserts.
¶Confectionery includes: sweets and chocolate, or products containing, coated or flavoured by chocolate.
††Starchy foods include: bread, pasta, rice, couscous, noodles, potatoes, sweet potatoes, yams, millet, cornmeal and other cereals not cooked in oil.
‡‡Skimmed and semi-skimmed milk only.