Representation of experimental design with exercise training protocol. Controls of all factors, such as sham and sedentary animals or saline administration, were not represented. Treadmill exercise started 7 days after TBI, for 4 weeks excluding the last 2 days of each week. In the afternoon of the last exercise day, animals were operated on for electrode implantation. Three days after this procedure, all animals were randomized to receive a subeffective dose of PTZ (see the text) or saline. Time and running velocity varied during the same day of training, as indicated. TBI, traumatic brain injury; EEG, electroencephalogram; PTZ, pentylenetetrazol.