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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Clin Epidemiol. 2013 Aug;66(8 0):S84–S90.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2013.01.013

Figure 1. Simple simulation with two covariates.

Figure 1

Aligned: covariate that is highly predictive of treatment assignment is also strongly related to the outcome; Misaligned: covariate that is highly predictive of treatment assignment is not strongly related to the outcome; ASMD: average absolute standardized mean difference; KS-Stat: Mean Kolmogorov-Smirnov test statistic; PropScore: standardized mean difference in the propensity score; ProgScore: standardized mean difference in the prognostic score