Treatment with BM-MNCs reduces neurologic deficit after pMCAO. ANOVA revealed a significant difference in neurologic function among untreated, vehicle-treated, microglia-treated, and BM-MNC-treated groups on days 1, 3, 7 and 14 after pMCAO (F value for tests of between-subject effect = 9.33, P < 0.001). Treatment with BM-MNCs significantly improved neurologic function on day 14 compared to that in untreated, vehicle-treated, and microglia-treated groups (n = 10 rats per group). *P < 0.05 vs. all other groups.