Specific synaptic blockers prevent spontaneous synaptic inputs to Kiss1 neurons. A, C, Voltage-clamp recording of membrane currents at a holding potential of −65 mV. Inward currents of preoptic area Kiss1 neurons (AVPV/PeN) and Arc nuclei were blocked by the application of ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonist, CNQX (10 μm) and AP-5 (50 μm). B, D,Voltage-clamp recording of membrane currents at a holding potential of −10 mV. Outward synaptic currents from AVPV/PeN and Arc Kiss1 neurons were blocked by the application of picrotoxin (50 μm).