Table 2.
Cardiac Geometry and Function at Baseline and 2-Year Follow-Up
| Baseline | 2 Yrs | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Denied Surgery Reference (n = 240) |
Not Seeking Surgery Reference (n = 271) |
GBS (n = 354) |
Denied Surgery Reference (n = 222) |
Not Seeking Surgery Reference (n = 254) |
GBS (n = 338) |
| IVSd (cm) | 1.14 ± 0.24 | 1.18 ± 0.21* | 1.08 ± 0.24 | 1.13 ± 0.24† | 1.16 ± 0.24† | 1.03 ± 0.21‡ |
| PWd (cm) | 1.13 ± 0.22 | 1.17 ± 0.21* | 1.08 ± 0.23 | 1.11 ± 0.23† | 1.14 ± 0.23† | 0.99 ± 0.18‡ |
| LVIDd (cm) | 4.47 ± 0.65 | 4.43 ± 0.62 | 4.58 ± 0.64 | 4.43 ± 0.59 | 4.44 ± 0.6 | 4.44 ± 0.58‡ |
| RWT | 0.53 ± 0.16 | 0.54 ± 0.16* | 0.49 ± 0.15 | 0.52 ± 0.16† | 0.53 ± 0.15† | 0.46 ± 0.12‡ |
| LVMI (g/m2.7) | 44.0 ± 13.0 | 46.5 ± 12.0 | 44.0 ± 12.0 | 44.0 ± 12.0† | 45.1 ± 11.5.0† | 38.0 ± 10.0‡ |
| LVMI (g/m2.7, imputed) | 44.2 ± 10.1 | 46.2 ± 9* | 44.5 ± 11.0 | 41.4 ± 9.1† | 43.7 ± 10† | 38.2 ± 8‡ |
| LVMI (g/m2.7, carry forward) | 43.9 ± 12.6 | 46.5 ± 11.8 | 44.0 ± 12.3 | 42.5 ± 11.4† | 44.9 ± 11.8† | 38.4 ± 10.0‡ |
| LVMI A–L (g/m2.7) | 39.4 ± 11 | 40.1 ± 11.5 | 42.0 ± 11.0‡ | 39.0 ± 7.0* | 39.9 ± 7.5† | 35.0 ± 7.0 |
| Proportion with LV hypertrophy | 67% | 84%* | 64% | 64% | 72%† | 56%‡ |
| Endocardial FS (%) | 35.4 ± 6.6 | 36 ± 6.5 | 34.9 ± 8.1 | 35.5 ± 6.8 | 35.4 ± 6.5 | 35.5 ± 6.3 |
| LV EF (%) | 64 ± 90) | 65.7 ± 8.6 | 63 ± 11 | 65 ± 8 | 64.4 ± 8.3 | 65 ± 8 |
| Midwall FS (%) | 16 ± 3.6 | 15.3 ± 2.9 | 16.0 ± 3.6 | 15.8 ± 3.2† | 15.4 ± 3.1† | 16.7 ± 3.0‡ |
| Left atrial volume (ml) | 53.9 ± 19.1 | 54.1 ± 16 | 55.3 ± 17.0 | 56.7 ± 14.5 | 58.5 ± 16.6‡ | 54.4 ± 15.2 |
| LV diastolic volume (ml) | 92 ± 32 | 91.9 ± 29.3* | 99 ± 32 | 91 ± 28 | 92.1 ± 28.6 | 92 ± 27 |
| LV systolic volume (ml) | 34.6 ± 15 | 31.8 ± 14* | 36.9 ± 18 | 32 ± 12 | 32.5 ± 13.2 | 33 ± 13 |
| Cardiac output (l/min) | 5.7 ± 1.5 | 5.8 ± 1.3 | 5.8 ± 1.4 | 5.3 ± 1.3† | 5.3 ± 1.29† | 4.4 ± 1.1‡ |
| RV minor axis (cm) | 3.1 ± 0.7 | 3.2 ± 0.65 | 3.0 ± 0.6 | 3.3 ± 0.6† | 3.38 ± 0.64† | 3.1 ± 0.6 |
| RV length (cm) | 7.5 ± 0.8 | 7.53 ± 0.82 | 7.6 ± 0.9 | 7.8 ± 0.7†‡ | 7.9 ± 0.81†‡ | 7.7 ± 0.8 |
| RV diastolic area (cm2) | 21.0 ± 5.9 | 21.8 ± 5.3 | 20.7 ± 5.4 | 23.6 ± 5.0†‡ | 23.9 ± 5.7† | 21.1 ± 4.9 |
| RV systolic area (cm2) | 13.1 ± 4 | 13.6 ± 3.7 | 13.0 ± 3.4 | 14.6 ± 3.5†‡ | 14.9 ± 4.1† | 12.6 ± 3.2 |
| RV FAC (%) | 37.0 ± 13 | 38.6 ± 8.5 | 37.0 ± 9.2 | 37.6 ± 9.5 | 37.6 ± 8.4† | 40.3 ± 8.2‡ |
| % SpO2 <90% | 31 ± 6 | 30 ± 7 | 0.31 ± 6 | 31 ± 6† | 30 ± 6† | 25 ± 5 |
*
p < 0.05 versus GBS at baseline.
†
p < 0.05 versus GBS at 2 years.
‡
p < 0.01 for within-group change from baseline at 2 years.
EF = ejection fraction; FAC = fractional area change; FS = fractional shortening; IVSd = interventricular septum thickness in diastole; LV = left ventricular; LVIDd = LV internal dimension in diastole; LVMI = LV mass index (g/m27); PWd = posterior wall thickness in diastole; RV = right ventricular; RWT = relative wall thickness; SpO2 = percent of sleep with O2 saturation <90%. Other abbreviations as in Table 1.