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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Med Care. 2013 Aug;51(8):666–672. doi: 10.1097/MLR.0b013e31829742b6

TABLE 1.

Demographic and clinical characteristics of residents and the nursing homes they reside in for a new admission cohort of nursing home residents with Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) and Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) Orders

Admitted with CPR
N = 55,996		 Admitted with DNR(1)
N = 62,251		 25% random sample of those admitted with CPR(2)
N = 13,999		 25% random sample of those admitted with DNR(3)
N = 15,562
Individual Characteristics: N % N % N % N %
Male 21,040 38 20,821 33 5,116 37 5,267 34
Age
 < 65 4,083 7 1,886 3 1,061 8 477 3
 65 – 74 7,400 13 5,690 9 1,844 13 1,395 9
 75 – 84 21,264 38 21,542 35 5,293 38 5,403 35
 >= 85 23,249 42 33,133 53 5,801 41 8,287 53
Highest level of schooling completed
 Grade 11 or less, including no schooling 20,708 37 21,618 35 5,098 36 5,405 35
 High school diploma 22,089 39 24,436 39 5,574 40 6,095 39
 Some college, technical school, college degree or higher 12,300 22 15,479 25 3,077 22 3,892 25
 Unknown 899 2 718 1 250 2 170 1
Married 16,554 30 17,069 27 4,059 29 4,282 28
Race
 White 47,263 84 58,489 94 11,757 84 14,629 94
 Black 5,985 11 2,066 3 1,570 11 495 3
 Hispanic 1,855 3 1,050 2 457 3 281 2
 Other 893 2 646 1 215 2 157 1
Clinical Characteristics at Admission:
Moderate pain daily or severe pain within the last seven days 9,064 16 11,218 18 2,229 16 2,826 18
At least stage 2 pressure ulcer present 8,588 15 9,097 15 2,131 15 2,282 15
Chemotherapy treatment 394 1 372 1 111 1 79 1
Renal dialysis treatment 1,106 2 506 1 281 2 137 1
Ventilator 293 1 128 < 1 75 1 36 < 1
Clinical Characteristics at Admission: N % N % N % N %
DX of dementia or Alzheimer’s disease 25,421 45 31,487 51 6,441 46 7,926 51
Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD
MDS Cognitive Performance Scale(4) (4)Range: 1–7, where larger score indicates more impairment 3.26 1.65 3.59 1.67 3.26 1.65 3.60 1.66
Depression: Sum of MDS items in section E1
Range: 0–32, where a larger score indicates more depression		 1.48 2.55 1.86 2.87 1.50 2.55 1.88 2.85
Aggressive behavior scale: Sum of MDS Behavioral symptom frequency items (E4BA, E4CA, E4DA, E4EA)
Range: 0–12, where larger score indicates more aggressive		 0.58 1.46 0.70 1.60 0.58 1.47 0.71 1.61
# of co-morbidities: Sum of 41 MDS items in Section I1 with the exception of Alzheimer’s disease and dementia
Range: 0–18		 3.83 2.19 3.99 2.24 3.80 2.16 4.01 2.25
# of activities of daily living limitations: Sum of MDS items in section G1A
Range: 0–40 where larger score indicates more impairment		 17.07 9.31 18.15 9.22 17.14 9.29 18.18 9.23
Hospitalization(5)
Range: 0–20		 0.66 1.07 0.55 0.96 0.66 1.08 0.55 0.98
Nursing home transfer(5)
Range: 0–7		 0.26 0.55 0.15 0.44 0.26 0.54 0.15 0.44
Patients Admitted to Nursing Homes with the Following Characteristics: N % N % N % N %
For-profit 37,664 67 35,846 58 9,397 67 8,987 58
Chain affiliated 29,890 53 29,611 48 7,436 53 7,386 47
Hospital based 2,654 5 3,341 5 643 5 861 6
Nursing home has any physician extenders 16,851 30 17,178 28 4,290 31 4,215 27
Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD
Proportion of facility residents whose primary support is Medicaid
Range: 0–1		 0.63 0.22 0.60 0.21 0.62 0.22 0.60 0.21
Proportion of facility residents whose primary support is Medicare
Range: 0–1		 0.12 0.12 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.12 0.10 0.11
Average facility RUGs case-mix index
Range: 0.46–1.51		 0.82 0.09 0.81 0.08 0.82 0.09 0.81 0.08
Occupancy rate
Range: 0.04–1		 0.87 0.12 0.88 0.11 0.87 0.12 0.88 0.12
Total # of beds
Range: 4–1389		 147 98 130 85 147 97 129 84
CNA hours per resident day
Range: 0.06–22.61		 2.22 0.80 2.24 0.80 2.22 0.85 2.25 0.87
LPN hours per resident day
Range: 0–12.57		 0.73 0.37 0.69 0.33 0.73 0.37 0.70 0.33
RN hours per resident day
Range: 0–8.45		 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.32 0.35 0.36 0.35 0.34
Ratio of RNs to all nurses
Range: 0–1		 0.31 0.19 0.33 0.19 0.31 0.19 0.32 0.19
(1)

In comparing the DNR 25% sample to DNR full sample, only male and black are significantly different at .05

(2)

In comparing the CPR 25% sample to CPR, there are no significant differences.

(3)

In comparing the DNR group to the admitted with CPR, the only differences that are NOT significant are for the proportion of residents with a high school diploma and RN hours per resident day.

(4)

Morris JN, Fries BE, Mehr DR, et al. MDS Cognitive Performance Scale. Journal of Gerontology. 1994;49(4):M174-M183.

(5)

Summarized as total number of events over the study period.