APD heterogeneity. (a) Typical examples of spatial APD histograms for deterministic and stochastic pacings (σ = 3.5 ms), each for the beat with the highest SD (out of 65 beats). Both histograms exhibit Gaussian-like distribution. The mean correlation coefficient of the best Gaussian fits for all values of σ was R2 = 0.88 ± 0.02. (b) Quantification of the APD spatial heterogeneity, ∑, as defined in Eq. 4 as a function of the stochastic pacing SD σ (N = 30). Target pacing BCL is 245 ms. The graph marks the median, 25th, and 75th percentiles (box) and the total range (dashed bar) of the ∑ values. The line corresponding to the best-fit curve for the median values is also shown. ∗p < 0.05 compared with the deterministic case.