Table 2.
Characteristics and distribution of Achromobacter species or genogroups among 26 isolates obtained from 25 CF and non-CF patients
| Source | Patient ID no. | Species | Date of first isolation | Colonization typea | Sample type | PFGE pattern | Sequence type | blaOXA-114-like gene | Resistance patternb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CF | 1 | A. xylosoxidans | 2003 | CC | Sputum | K | ST154 | + | FEP, IPM, CIP, CO |
| 2 | A. xylosoxidans | 2004 | CC | Sputum | P | ST27 | + | FEP, CAZ, IPM, MEM, CIP, CO | |
| 3 | A. xylosoxidans | 2005 | CC | Sputum | P | ST27 | + | FEP, CAZ, IPM, MEM, CIP, SXT | |
| 4 | A. xylosoxidans | 2005 | CC | Sputum | Q | ST158 | + | FEP, CIP | |
| 5 | A. xylosoxidans | 2005 | SC | Sputum | T | ST160 | + | FEP, CIP | |
| 6 | A. xylosoxidans | 2006 | SC | Sputum | E | ST20 | + | ||
| 7 | A. xylosoxidans | 2007 | CC | Sputum | J | ST153 | + | FEP, CAZ, IPM, MEM, CIP | |
| 8 | A. xylosoxidans | 2007 | CC | Sputum | N | ST156 | + | FEP, CAZ, CIP, CO | |
| 9 | A. xylosoxidans | 2012 | CC | Sputum | C | ST3 | + | ||
| 10 | A. xylosoxidans | 2012 | CC | Sputum | J | ST153 | + | FEP, CAZ, CO | |
| 11 | Achromobacter genogroup 2a | 2007 | SC | Sputum | S | ST144 | + | ||
| 12 | Achromobacter genogroup 2b | 2009 | SC | Sputum | F | ST150 | - | CO | |
| 13 | Achromobacter genogroup 7 | 2012 | CC | Sputum | I | ST152 | - | ||
| 14 | Achromobacter genogroup 14 | 2011 | SC | Sputum | V | ST162 | + | ||
| 13 | Achromobacter genogroup 17 | 2007 | CC | Sputum | B | ST149 | + | FEP, CAZ, IPM | |
| Non-CF | 15 | A. xylosoxidans | 2003 | Blood culture | P | ST27 | + | ||
| 16 | A. xylosoxidans | 2010 | Ear discharge | A | ST19 | + | FEP, CAZ, CO | ||
| 17 | A. xylosoxidans | 2010 | Blood culture | H | ST16 | + | |||
| 18 | A. xylosoxidans | 2010 | Nasal aspirate | O | ST157 | + | FEP, CO | ||
| 19 | A. xylosoxidans | 2012 | Biopsy | R | ST159 | + | FEP, CIP | ||
| 20 | Achromobacter genogroup 2a | 2005 | Blood culture | U | ST161 | + | |||
| 21 | Achromobacter genogroup 7 | 2002 | Blood culture | I | ST152 | − | |||
| 22 | A. spiritinus (genogroup 10) | 2006 | Sputum | G | ST151 | − | FEP, CO | ||
| 23 | A. pulmonis (genogroup 11) | 2006 | Aqueous Humor | L | ST155 | − | FEP | ||
| 24 | Achromobacter genogroup 12 | 2010 | Blood culture | D | ST71 | + | CIP | ||
| 25 | A. insolitus | 2011 | Blood culture | M | ST93 | − |
a
CC, chronic colonization; SC, sporadic colonization.
b
A. xylosoxidans exhibits innate resistance to many antibiotics, including cephalosporins (except ceftazidime), aztreonam, and aminoglycosides (18). FEP, cefepime; CAZ, ceftazidime; IPM, imipenem; MEM, meropenem; CIP, ciprofloxacin; SXT, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole; CO, colistin; GEN, gentamicin; TOB, tobramycin; AMK, amikacin.