Table 2.

Mass (µg) of Phenols in Cigarette and Waterpipe Mainstream Smoke

Compound	Cigarette (current study)		Cigarette (previous studies)			Waterpipe (current study)
	Average (n = 6), µg/cigarette	% RSD	Vaughan et al. (2008) a, µg/cigarette	Moldovean and Kiser (2007)b, µg/cigarette	Baker et al. (2004)c, µg/cigarette	Average (n = 12), µg/waterpipe	% RSD
Phenol	22.3	22	16.3	4.86–16.07	10.0–19.6	58.03	44
o-Cresol	5.79	21	4.9	1.23–3.70	2.81–4.75	4.409	61
m-Cresol	4.33	20	3.5	0.93–2.95	8.48–13.7d	4.655	56
p-Cresol	10.1	21	9.1	2.12–6.97		5.375	55
Catechol	40.7	18	49.5	20–62.35	44.2–54.5	316.1	42
Resorcinol	0.79	15	1.7	0.72–1.81	<1.1	1.689	28
Hydroquinone	34.6	19	44.0	19.78–56.44	44.7–51.2	110.7	39

Note. RSD = Relative Standard Deviation.

^aMicrogram per cigarette phenols Marlboro brand, 35-ml puff volume, 2-s puff duration, 60-s puff interval.

^bMicrogram per cigarette phenols range in three common commercial cigarettes.

^cMicrogram per cigarette phenols range in cigarettes after adding a range of ingredients to the tobacco (n = 5).

^dValues of m- + p-cresols.