Table 3. Clinical and study characteristics of controls and the patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
| Control (n = 14) | HFpEF (n = 21) | |
| Age, y | 61±2 | 70±3 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 5 (36) | 11 (52) |
| NYHA class I/II/III/IV | – | 3/9/9/0 |
| Height, m | 1.58±0.02 | 1.59±0.02 |
| Body weight, kg | 55±2 | 62±3* |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 22.1±0.6 | 24.6±1.1 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 124±4 | 124±4 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 75±2 | 66±3* |
| Heart rate, bpm | 67±4 | 67±3 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 13.8±0.3 | 12.5±0.4* |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.63±0.05 | 1.23±0.06* |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73m2 | 86±3 | 44±4* |
| BNP, pg/ml | 17±3 | 216±57* |
| Echocardiography | ||
| LV end-diastolic dimension, mm | 44.4±0.8 | 48.3±1.3* |
| LV end-systolic dimension, mm | 27.9±0.9 | 32.2±1.3* |
| IVSd, mm | 7.0±0.3 | 11.0±0.6* |
| PWd, mm | 7.0±0.2 | 9.5±0.5* |
| LV mass index, g/m2 | 61.3±3.1 | 112.1±8.8* |
| RWT | 0.32±0.01 | 0.40±0.02* |
| EF, % | 67.3±1.6 | 61.4±2.3 |
| E, m/s | 0.64±0.05 | 0.82±0.06* |
| DcT, ms | 191±15 | 208±13 |
| e′, cm/s | 7.6±0.6 | 5.5±0.4* |
| E/e′ ratio | 8.7±0.6 | 15.5±1.2* |
| LAVI, mL/m2 | 24.7±2.8 | 61.3±4.1* |
| DWS | 0.45±0.02 | 0.32±0.02* |
Data are mean ± SEM. HFpEF indicates heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; NYHA, New York Heart Association; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; LV, left ventricular; IVSd, interventricular wall thickness at end-diastole; PWd, LV posterior wall thickness at end-diastole; RWT, relative wall thickness; EF, ejection fraction; E, early transmitral flow velocity; DcT, deceleration time of early transmitral flow velocity; e′, septal mitral annular early diastolic velocity; LAVI, left atrial volume index; and DWS, diastolic wall strain.
*
P<0.05 vs. control group.