Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study subjects
| Variables | All (n = 735) | CIN (n = 64) |
No CIN |
p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 671) | ||||
| Age (years) |
64.8 ± 10.6 |
70.8 ± 10.5 |
64.2 ± 10.5 |
<0.001 |
| Sex (male) |
514 (69.9%) |
39 (60.9%) |
475 (70.8%) |
0.101 |
| BMI (kg/m2) |
24.5 ± 3.3 |
22.7 ± 3.3 |
24.7 ± 3.3 |
<0.001 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) |
119.6 ± 15.1 |
119.5 ± 21.6 |
119.6 ± 14.4 |
0.979 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) |
71.9 ± 9.9 |
69.0 ± 14.2 |
72.2 ± 9.3 |
0.119 |
| Hypertension |
475 (64.6%) |
52 (81.3%) |
423 (63.0%) |
0.004 |
| Diabetes mellitus |
250 (34.0%) |
39 (60.9%) |
211 (31.4%) |
<0.001 |
| Previous CABG |
23 (3.1%) |
5 (7.8%) |
18 (2.7%) |
0.042 |
| Emergency/ urgent procedure |
160 (21.8%) |
23 (35.9%) |
137 (20.4%) |
0.004 |
| Interventional strategy |
|
|
|
0.521 |
| Ballooning |
23 (3.1%) |
1 (1.6%) |
22 (3.3%) |
|
| Ballooning + Stent insertion |
614 (83.5%) |
52 (81.3%) |
562 (83.8%) |
|
| Ballooning + Stent insertion + Thrombus suction |
98 (13.3%) |
11 (17.2%) |
87 (13.0%) |
|
| 3-vessel disease |
241 (32.8%) |
39 (60.9%) |
202 (30.1%) |
<0.001 |
| Hypotensive event |
90 (12.2%) |
25 (39.1%) |
65 (9.7%) |
<0.001 |
| IABP use |
32 (4.4%) |
16 (25.0%) |
16 (2.4%) |
<0.001 |
| Total volume of CM (mL) |
237.0 ± 74.5 |
222.8 ± 71.4 |
238.1 ± 74.7 |
0.179 |
| Volume of CM per weight (mL/kg) |
3.69 ± 1.31 |
4.09 ± 1.86 |
3.66 ± 1.25 |
0.179 |
| N-acetylcysteine |
233 (33.5%) |
15 (42.9%) |
218 (33.0%) |
0.230 |
| BUN (mg/dL) |
18.0 ± 7.3 |
24.2 ± 11.2 |
17.4 ± 6.6 |
<0.001 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) |
1.08 ± 0.41 |
1.50 ± 0.75 |
1.04 ± 0.33 |
<0.001 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) |
74.5 ± 20.5 |
54.5 ± 25.8 |
76.4 ± 18.9 |
<0.001 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) |
13.2 ± 1.8 |
11.5 ± 2.1 |
13.3 ± 1.7 |
<0.001 |
| Albumin (g/dL) |
4.31 ± 0.48 |
3.85 ± 0.61 |
4.35 ± 0.44 |
<0.001 |
| hs-CRP (mg/L) |
10.18 ± 28.84 |
34.11 ± 47.95 |
7.84 ± 24.77 |
<0.001 |
| Cholesterol (mg/dL) |
164.5 ± 43.5 |
167.5 ± 56.5 |
164.3 ± 42.2 |
0.722 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) |
140.0 ± 82.3 |
126.0 ± 87.7 |
141.3 ± 81.7 |
0.035 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) |
124.6 ± 46.3 |
156.2 ± 71.3 |
121.6 ± 42.1 |
<0.001 |
| Ejection fraction (%) |
57.5 ± 13.4 |
48.8 ± 12.8 |
58.6 ± 12.7 |
<0.001 |
| E/E' |
13.3 ± 5.3 |
18.2 ± 7.0 |
12.9 ± 4.9 |
<0.001 |
| E/A |
0.94 ± 0.48 |
0.95 ± 0.37 |
0.94 ± 0.49 |
0.630 |
| Deceleration time (ms) |
204.6 ± 50.1 |
182.5 ± 50.5 |
206.7 ± 49.7 |
<0.001 |
| LV mass (g) |
213.6 ± 95.7 |
233.1 ± 56.2 |
211.9 ± 98.4 |
0.001 |
| LV mass index (g/m2) |
126.3 ± 88.6 |
144.0 ± 28.9 |
124.7 ± 91.9 |
<0.001 |
| LVDd (mm) |
50.0 ± 5.0 |
51.2 ± 5.6 |
49.9 ± 4.9 |
0.030 |
| LA volume index (mL/m2) | 28.3 ± 9.7 | 33.4 ± 11.6 | 27.8 ± 9.4 | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: BMI body mass index; BP blood pressure; BUN blood urea nitrogen; CABG coronary artery bypass graft; CIN contrast-induced nephropathy; CM contrast media; eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate; hs-CRP high sensitivity C-reactive protein; IABP intra-aortic balloon pump; LA left atrium; LV left ventricle; LVDd left ventricular end-diastolic dimension.