Avendano et al., 2011 |
Netherlands |
Web |
Blood, saliva |
31, 30 (15.5, 15%) |
Participants in Dutch Longitudinal Internet study for the Social Sciences |
Bauer et al., 2004 |
USA |
Mail |
Saliva |
110 (37%) |
Participants in Community Intervention Trial for Smoking Cessation |
Bloomfield et al., 2003 |
San Francisco |
Mail |
Urine |
70 (22.4%) |
Patients previously tested positive for chlamydia |
Boyle et al., 2010 |
Florida |
Telephone |
Saliva |
637 (41.3%) |
Individuals from Florida counties directly affected by 2004 Hurricanes |
Cozier et al., 2004 |
USA |
Mail |
Buccal cells |
56–64 (35–40%) |
Black women who had reported a diagnosis of breast, colorectal, or lung cancer |
Crider et al., 2006 |
Atlanta |
Telephone |
Buccal cells |
765 (47.6%) |
Pregnant women |
Egan et al., 2003 |
USA |
Telephone |
Mucosal DNA |
791, 797 (60%, 50%) |
Women aged 20–69 who were residents of Massachusetts or Wisconsin in 1997–1998 |
Etter and Bullen, 2011 |
Canada, France, Italy Switzerland, UK, USA |
Web |
Saliva |
31 (16%) |
Electronic nicotine delivery systems users |
Etter and Perneger, 2001 |
Geneva |
Mail |
Saliva |
98 (25%) |
Current smokers and ex- smokers who had quit in the past two years |
Etter et al., 2005 |
Switzerland |
E-Mail |
Buccal cells, saliva |
315 (80%) |
Visitors of a smoking cessation website |
Feigelson et al., 2001 |
USA |
Face-to-face |
Buccal cells |
24 (69%) |
American Cancer Society National Home Office Research Department |
Fidler et al., 2011 |
England |
Mail |
Saliva |
1702 (24%) |
Current smokers and recent quitters |
Freeman et al., 1997 |
UK, Germany |
Mail |
Buccal cells |
114, 116 (73%, 92%) |
Participants in a twin study of children and a twin study of adults |
Halpern et al., 2012 |
North Carolina, Ohio, Texas |
Face-to-face |
Saliva |
146 (76%) |
Sample of participants in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health |
Hansen et al., 2007 |
Denmark |
Mail |
Buccal cells, saliva |
38–72 (72–80%) |
Female nurses aged 51+ and member of Danish Nurses Organization |
Kang et al., 2011 |
Republic of Korea |
Mail |
Buccal cells |
13084 (29.2%) |
Sample of participants in the Korea Medical Insurance Corporation prospective cohort study |
Kozlowski et al., 2002 |
USA |
Mail, telephone |
Buccal cells |
870 (26%) |
Aged 18+ recruited using random digit dialing methods |
Le Merchand et al., 2001 |
Hawaii |
Mail |
Buccal cells |
239 (67%) |
Sample of participants in the Multiethnic Cohort Study |
Margolis et al., 2011 |
USA |
Mail |
Buccal cells |
732 (22.4%) |
Children with atopic dermatitis from the Pediatric Eczema Elective Registry Program |
Osmond et al., 2000 |
Chicago, LA, NYC, San Francisco |
Telephone |
Saliva |
412 (67%) |
Men who have sex with men |
Rylander-Rudqvist et al., 2006 |
Sweden |
Mail |
Saliva |
490 (80%) |
Swedish men aged 53–87 |