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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Aug 17.
Published in final edited form as: Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2012 Aug 17;28:163–187. doi: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-101011-155824

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Diagram showing the structure of different vertebrate and Drosophila insulators. A. Structure of the vertebrate CTCF and TFIIIC insulators. Indicated are factors associated with CTCF such as cohesin, CHD8 and YY1, and with TFIIIC. B. Each Drosophila insulator subclass contains a different binding protein that may define the specific function of the corresponding subclass. All insulators share the common protein CP190, although the role of this protein in the function of the GAGA insulator has not been demonstrated experimentally. In addition, all subclasses may also have one Mod(mdg4) isoform. The gypsy/Su(Hw) insulator contains Mod(mdg4)2.2. The dCTCF and BEAF insulators lack this isoform but contain a different variant of Mod(mdg4). GAGA has been shown to interact with Mod(mdg4)2.2.