Table 1.

ARV treatment guidelines for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV

	Option A	Option B	Option B+
Mother (CD4≤350 cells/mm3)	Triple ARVs, starting from diagnosis and continued for life	Triple ARVs, starting from diagnosis and continued for life	Triple ARVs regardless of CD4 count, starting from diagnosis and continued for life
Mother (CD4>350 cells/mm3)	Prophylaxis: Antepartum: AZT from 14 weeks gestation Intrapartum: sd NVP at onset of labour and AZT/3TC Postpartum: AZT/3TC for seven days	Prophylaxis: Triple ARVs from 14 weeks gestation until one week after exposure to breastmilk has ended
Infant	NVP (daily) from birth until one week after cessation of breastfeeding, or until age four to six weeks if replacement feeding	NVP or AZT (daily) from birth until age four to six weeks (regardless of infant feeding method)	NVP or AZT (daily) from birth until age four to six weeks (regardless of infant feeding method)

Adapted from ref. [5].

ARV=antiretroviral; AZT=azidothymidine; NVP=nevirapine; sd=single-dose.