. 2013 Jul 19;16(1):18588. doi: 10.7448/IAS.16.1.18588

Table 7.

Factors associated with PMTCT ARV uptake in the included quantitative research, and cases where these factors were explored but no statistical evidence for an association with PMTCT ARV uptake was reported

	Study number

Factors	17	18	19	20	21	22	23^*	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31	32	33	34	35	36	39	42	44	Total
Individual
*Socio-demographic*
Education (or literacy)	^✓	^✓		^✓	^✓		^✓		^×	^×	^✓		^×		^×	^×	^×(u)		^✓		^×	^×	^×	16
Age of mother	^×	^✓		^×			^✓		^×	^✓			^×		^×	^×		^×	^×	^✓	^×	^×	^×	15
Religion				^×			^✓				^×(u)												^×	4
Ethnicity																							^✓	1
*Socio-economic*
Income activities/occupation	^×				^×		^×		^×	^✓	^×								^×			^×	^×	9
*Knowledge and beliefs*
HIV/MTCT knowledge				^×											^×	^✓	^×(u)				^×(u)	^×		6
Lived in villages exposed to HIV research		^✓																						1
*Obstetric and pregnancy-history*
Mother took PMTCT prophylaxis				^✓																			^✓	2
PMTCT in previous pregnancy											^✓													1
Parity	^×						^×		^×		^✓								^×(u)					5
Cervical dilation												^✓												1
Term/premature delivery																^✓								1
Caesarian/vaginal delivery																^×				^✓				2
*Infant factors/characteristics*
Birth weight of infant	^✓																			^✓				2
Knowledge of infant HIV status																^✓								1
At risk for neonatal death	^✓																							1
Partners and community
*Stigma*
Internalized stigma									^✓								^×(u)							2
Experience of HIV/AIDS discrimination																^×(u)	^✓					^×		3
*Disclosure*
Disclosure of HIV/ARVs to partner	^✓			^×(u)					^×		^✓		^×		^✓	^✓			^×		^×(u)			9
Disclosure to anyone		^×		^×						^×(u)					^×(u)	^×(u)	^✓						^✓	7
Disclosure to other (not partner)				^✓																				1
*Married or living with partner*		^×		^✓	^✓				^×	^×						^×	^×(u)		^×		^×	^✓	^×	11
*Support*
Partner VCT		^×		^✓										^×(u)		^✓					^×(u)		^×	6
Couples VCT	^×					^✓																		2
Male involvement																^×	^✓							2
Attendance at support group																^×(u)	^×(u)					^✓		3
Health-systems
ARV services integrated into ANC								^✓										^×						2
Client understood referral process																						^✓		1
HIV status kept confidential at clinic																^✓								1
Site of PMTCT counselling							^✓																	1
Place of delivery	^✓	^×		^×(u)					^✓		^✓		^✓		^×	^×(u)					^✓			9
Urban/rural facility			^✓																					1
Number of ANC visits				^✓							^×(u)	^✓			^×	^×(u)				^✓			^×(u)	7
Gestational age at first ANC visit		^✓		^×(u)						^✓			^×					^✓						5
HIV test after/at first ANC visit				^✓																				1
Mother given NVP to take home											^✓													1
Regimen type													^×							^✓	^✓			3
Universal NVP without HIV testing																			^✓					1

^✓

indicates statistical evidence for an association (p<0.05 or 95% CI excludes the null value of one) was reported with at least one relevant outcome (adherence/receipt of PMTCT ARVs/cART/attendance at ART clinic).

^×

Indicates no statistical evidence for an association

^×(u)

Statistical evidence for an association in uni-variate analysis only.

ANC=antenatal clinic; ARV=antiretrovirals; MTCT=mother-to-child transmission; NVP=nevirapine; PMTCT=Prevention of mother-to-child transmission; VCT=voluntary counselling and testing; ART=Antiretroviral therapy.

Study removed during sensitivity analysis of quantitative results.