Figure 2.

Ketamine abrogates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depressive-like behavior. (a) Mean sucrose preference (%) (±SEM) for mice treated with ketamine or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) immediately before LPS or PBS treatment (n⩾7 per group). (b) Mean time spent immobile in the forced swim test (s) (±SEM) for mice treated with ketamine or PBS immediately before LPS or PBS treatment (n=8 per group). Filled bars represent ketamine-treated mice that were treated with either LPS or PBS, and hollow bars represent PBS controls that were treated with either LPS or PBS. *p<0.05.