Table 3.
Correlations Between the HAI and Relevant Measures of Concurrent Validity
| Variable | HAI | BHS | BHS-7 | CRH |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BHS | .78 | 1.0 | ||
| BHS-7 | .70 | .92 | 1.0 | |
| CRH | .74 | .61 | .57 | 1.0 |
| LOT-R | −.63 | − .69 | − .62 | − .47 |
| Prognostic awareness | .22 | .28 | .27 | .11 |
| Illness severity | .25 | .34 | .26 | .05 |
| HADS Depression subscale | .65 | .62 | .57 | .52 |
| HADS Anxiety subscale | .61 | .58 | .53 | .58 |
| FACIT Spiritual Well-Being scale | −.64 | − .68 | − .59 | −.47 |
| SAHD | .60 | .60 | .53 | .44 |
| FSSQ | −.31 | − .32 | − .22 | −.24 |
Note. HAI =Hopelessness Assessment in Illness; BHS =Beck Hopelessness Scale; BHS-7 =abbreviated seven-item version of BHS; CRH =a clinical rating of hopelessness; LOT-R = Life Orientation Test–Revised; HADS =Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; FACIT =Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy; SAHD =Schedule of Attitudes Toward Hastened Death; FSSQ =Duke–University of North Carolina Functional Social Support Questionnaire. p <.0001 for all coefficients exceeding .25.