Table 9.

Instruments used in the assessment of PTSD.

Instrument	Reference
Clinician administered PTSD scale	Blake et al. (179, 182, 183)
Subscales:
Re-experiencing (items 1–5)
Avoidance (items 6–12)
Hyperarousal (items 13–17)
Davidson trauma scale (DTS)	Davidson et al. (402, 403)
Impact of event scale	Horowitz et al. (177), Weiss and Marmar (404)
M3 checklist	Gaynes et al. (405)
Penn inventory for posttraumatic stress disorder	Hammarberg (406)
Posttraumatic stress disorder interview-I	Watson et al. (407)
Posttraumatic diagnostic scale	Foa et al. (176, 408, 409)
Primary care PTSD screen PC-PTSD	Prins et al. (410)
PTSD checklist PCL military, civilian and specific incident additions	Weathers et al. (187), Blanchard et al. (190), Bliese et al. (411)
PTSD inventory	Solomon et al. (412)
PTSD module of the composite international diagnostic interview	Peters et al. (413)
Stanford acute stress reaction questionnaire SASRQ	Cardena et al. (414)
Trauma screening questionnaire	Brewin et al. (415)
Trauma symptom inventory, three validity scales (response level, atypical response, inconsistent Response), 10 clinical subscales	Briere (416), Berah (417)