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. 2011 Sep 1;1(4):561–572. doi: 10.1007/s13142-011-0070-y

Table 1.

Stroke self-management strategies mapped onto self-efficacy theoretical concepts

Self-efficacy theoretical concepts Mapped stroke self-management strategies
1. Verbal persuasions • Staff and lay leader explanations
• Promotion of physician and therapeutic recommendations
2. Social modeling/vicarious experiences • Staff and lay leader demonstration of all strategies and new behaviors
• Peers practice behavior in group meetings and share vicarious experiences
• View material depicting stroke patients similar to them
3. Past achievements/failures • Set realistic, achievable behavioral goals
• Past failures may influence current level of effort so plan to overcome past failures
• Gain an understanding of the course of stroke rehabilitation and realistic outcome expectations
• Negotiate the effort placed into cardiovascular risk factor modification
4. Reinterpretation of sensations/physical state • Discuss symptoms and how to diminish
• Employ distraction methods — mental imagery
• Employ relaxation techniques