Table 1.

Stroke self-management strategies mapped onto self-efficacy theoretical concepts

Self-efficacy theoretical concepts	Mapped stroke self-management strategies
1. Verbal persuasions	• Staff and lay leader explanations
	• Promotion of physician and therapeutic recommendations
2. Social modeling/vicarious experiences	• Staff and lay leader demonstration of all strategies and new behaviors
	• Peers practice behavior in group meetings and share vicarious experiences
	• View material depicting stroke patients similar to them
3. Past achievements/failures	• Set realistic, achievable behavioral goals
	• Past failures may influence current level of effort so plan to overcome past failures
	• Gain an understanding of the course of stroke rehabilitation and realistic outcome expectations
	• Negotiate the effort placed into cardiovascular risk factor modification
4. Reinterpretation of sensations/physical state	• Discuss symptoms and how to diminish
	• Employ distraction methods — mental imagery
	• Employ relaxation techniques