Table 3.

Unadjusted and adjusted odds of ATV fatalities comparing on versus off the road; CPSC, 1985–2009, (n=9615 fatalities)

	Roadway versus off-road*
	OR (95% CI)	aOR (95% CI)*
Rider characteristics
Sex
Male	1.07 (0.93 to 1.23)	0.95 (0.81 to 1.12)
Female	1.0 (ref)	1.0 (ref)
Age
<16	0.74 (0.67 to 0.81)	0.74 (0.65 to 0.85)
≥16	1.0 (ref)	1.0 (ref)
Seating position
Operator alone	1.0 (ref)	1.0 (ref)
Operator w/passenger	1.38 (1.21 to 1.58)	1.19 (1.02 to 1.38)
Passenger	1.35 (1.18 to 1.56)	1.48 (1.23 to 1.77)
Helmet
Yes	0.68 (0.62 to 0.75)	0.56 (0.49 to 0.65)
No	1.0 (ref)	1.0 (ref)
Alcohol
Yes	1.96 (1.74 to 2.21)	1.77 (1.53 to 2.05)
No	1.0 (ref)	1.0 (ref)
Drugs
Yes-medication	0.70 (0.46 to 1.06)	0.78 (0.49 to 1.22)
Yes-illicit	1.73 (1.33 to 2.25)	1.17 (0.87 to 1.57)
No	1.0 (ref)	1.0 (ref)
Mechanism of crash
ATV-vehicle collision	10.4 (8.9 to 12.2)	11.1 (9.24 to 13.32)
ATV-other collision	3.5 (3.19 to 3.90)	3.74 (3.31 to 4.22)
Non-collision	1.0 (ref)	1.0 (ref)

ATV, All-terrain vehicle.

*Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) were controlled for all other covariables in the table.