Table 4.
Mealtime care process measures: percent pass rates overall by study phase (n = 130)
| Care process measures | Baseline (NM = 1,510) | Intervention (NM = 1,504) | Follow-up (NM = 1,498) |
|---|---|---|---|
| % Pass (n/d) OR (95 % CI) | % Pass (n/d) OR (95 % CI) | % Pass (n/d) OR (95 % CI) | |
| Missed observations | 3.2 % (50 of 1,560) | 3.6 % (56 of 1,560) | 4.0 % (62 of 1,560) |
| Ate <50 % | 33.3 % (503/1,510) | 33.3 % (502/1,504) | 35.6 % (533/1,498) |
| Ate <50 % and chart ≤60 %a | 56.7 % (285/503) | 66.7 % (335/502) 0.71 (0.55, 0.89) | 61.9 % (330/533) 0.85 (0.64, 1.13) |
| Ate <50 % and alternativea | 3.2 % (16/503) | 7.6 % (38/502) 0.42 (0.24, 0.74) | 7.5 % (40/533) 0.40 (0.24, 0.68) |
| Assistance required | 34.7 % (524/1,510) | 33.6 % (505/1,504) | 34.7 % (519/1,498) |
| Assistance required and >5 min receiveda | 54.2 % (284/524) | 61.4 % (310/505) 0.76 (0.59, 0.96) | 61.5 % (319/519) 0.81 (0.51, 1.32) |
| If physical, then also verbal | 94.6 % (300/317) | 97.4 % (341/350) 0.42 (0.13, 1.16) | 96.3 % (341/354) 0.63 (0.24, 1.42) |
| Social interaction presenta | 42.7 % (645/1,510) | 47.2 % (710/1,504) 0.83 (0.73, 0.95) | 45.4 % (680/1,498) 0.92 (0.79, 1.05) |
Missed observations: Research staff attempted to observe each participant for a total of 12 meals per person per phase. The most common reason for a missed meal observation was due to the resident being “out of the facility” (e.g., medical appointment, hospital, family visit) for the entirety of the meal period.
NM total number of resident-meal observations completed across all study participants; n/d numerator/denominator for total number of resident meals scored for each measure; OR (95 % CI) odds ratio and 95 % confidence intervals (upper, lower)
aSignificant difference from baseline to intervention/follow-up