Table 2. Ventilator Variables and Care in the ED.
| Ventilator Settings | Entire Cohort (n=251) |
No ALI* (n=229) | ALI in ED* (n=22) | Developed ALI after admission (n=69) |
p * |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ventilator Mode | |||||
| VC-AC, n (%) | 242 (96.4) | 222 (96.9) | 20 (90.9) | 64 (92.8) | 0.75 |
| Other | 9 (3.6) | 7 (3.1) | 2 (9.1) | 5 (7.2) | |
| Tidal volume, mL | 547 (480.5-642.5) | 535 (467.0-630.5) | 560.1 (495.0-654.2) | 565.1 (501.1-656.2) | 0.37 |
| Tidal volume, mL/kg IBW |
8.8 (7.8-10.0) | 8.7 (7.8-9.9) | 9.0 (8.0-10.1) | 9.0 (7.9-9.9) | 0.40 |
| Lung protective ventilation, n (%) |
68 (27.1) | 64 (27.9) | 4 (18.2) | 19 (27.5) | 0.82 |
| PEEP | 5.0 (5.0-5.0) | 5.0 (5.0-5.0) | 5.0 (5.0-5.0) | 5.0 (5.0-5.0) | 0.87 |
| FiO2 | 95.1 (100-100) | 94.0 (100-100) | 97.0 (100-100) | 96.5 (100-100) | 0.69 |
|
| |||||
| Monitored Variables | |||||
| Peak pressure, cm H2O (n=225) |
29.0 (23.0-35.0) | 28.5 (22.4-34.2) | 34.2 (27.8-40.1) | 30.0 (23.0-37.0) | 0.55 |
| Mean pressure, cmH2O (n=218) |
10.0 (8.0-12.0) | 9.9 (8.0-11.8) | 12.2 (10.1-14.1) | 10.0 (9.0-12.0) | 0.42 |
| Plateau pressure, cmH2O (n=76) |
20.0 (15.0-25.0) | 21.8 (14.5-24.8) | 22.0 (15.5-26.5) | 23.0 (16.0-27.0) | 0.47 |
|
| |||||
| Titration Variables | |||||
| 1st tidal volume setting in ED = highest tidal volume, n (%) |
236 (94) | 215 (93.9) | 21 (95.5) | 68 (98.6) | 0.85 |
| Non-protective ventilation time (minutes) |
230.0 (0.0-354.0) | 225.7 (0.0-352.1) | 250.9 (0.0-450.5) | 248.3 (0.0-420.9) | 0.62 |
| Exposure to FiO2 100%, (minutes) |
251.0 (148.0-373.0) | 241.0 (139.2-365.6) | 290.5 (187.8-429.9) | 262.5 (159.4-385.0) | 0.38 |
| 1st ICU setting same as last ED setting, n (%) |
207 (86.3) | 187 (81.7) | 20 (90.1) | 60 (87.0) | 0.78 |
| Exposure to same tidal volume for 24 hour, n (%) |
60 (24.8) | 57 (24.9) | 3 (13.7) | 26 (37.7) | 0.22 |
*
p value comparison of ED ALI patients vs. no ALI
ALI = acute lung injury; VC = volume controlled; AC = assist control; IBW = ideal body weight; PEEP = positive end expiratory pressure; FiO2 = fraction of inspired oxygen
Continuous variables are reported as median (interquartile range).