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Echocardiographic signs of right-heart overload/failure
| Increase in RV/LV dimension ratio |
| Dilation of nonhypertrophic RV (up to 5 mm) |
| Contractile asynergy, hypokinesia or akinesia of the RV free wall |
| Paradoxical ventricular septal motion, ‘D-shape’ of the interventricular septum |
| RV dilation |
| Pulmonary artery dilation |
| Regurgitation flow on tricuspid valve >2.8 m/s = gradient 31 mmHg |
| Reduced inferior vena cava fluctuations with respiration (<40%) |
