Table I.

Association of socioeconomic indicators with child standing height measured at age 6.5 years in Belarus (2002–2005), n = 11 074

			Difference in child standing height (95% confidence interval) (cm)
	n	%	Model 1	r 2	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4	Model 5	p sex int.
Mother’s education
Initial/incomplete/common secondary	3673	33	0		0	0	0	0
Advanced secondary/partial university	5794	52	0.97		1.02	0.77	0.76	0.44
			(0.73,1.21)		(0.81,1.24)	(0.53,1.00)	(0.53,1.00)	(0.26,0.62)
Completed university	1607	15	1.86		1.88	1.34	1.34	0.71
			(1.46,2.25)		(1.49,2.28)	(0.91,1.78)	(0.90,1.77)	(0.36,1.05)
p-value for trend			< 0.01	0.018	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.85
Father’s education
Initial/incomplete/common secondary	4288	39	0		0	0	0	0
Advanced secondary/partial university	5278	48	0.45		0.52	0.35	0.35	0.14
			(0.09,0.81)		(0.18,0.85)	(0.04,0.65)	(0.04,0.65)	(−0.14,0.42)
Completed university	1508	14	1.20		1.23	0.79	0.79	0.21
			(0.87,1.53)		(0.91,1.56)	(0.48,1.10)	(0.48,1.10)	(− 0.03,0.45)
p-value for trend			< 0.01	0.009	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.12	0.86
Highest household occupation
Manual worker	4715	43	0		0	0	0	0
Non-manual worker	6359	57	1.02		1.05	0.68	0.68	0.25
			(0.74,1.29)		(0.81,1.29)	(0.44,0.92)	(0.43,0.92)	(0.01,0.50)
p-value for trend			< 0.01	0.013	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.04	0.44

Model 1: adjusted for urban or rural residence and East or West of Belarus.

Model 2: as Model 1 and additionally adjusted for study trial arm for breastfeeding promotion.

Model 3: as Model 2 and additionally adjusted for: parent’s age, smoking and alcohol intake, number of older and younger siblings.

Model 4: as Model 3 and additionally adjusted for: hospitalizations in infancy or childhood for any reason.

Model 5: as Model 4 and additionally adjusted for: mid-parental height.

Robust standard errors were used to compute confidence intervals and p-values to account for clustering by polyclinic.

p sex int. = p-value for sex interaction.