Table II.

Association of socioeconomic indicators with child leg length measured at age 6.5 years in Belarus (2002–2005), n = 11 074

	Difference in child leg length (95% confidence interval) (cm)
	Model 1	r 2	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4	Model 5	p for sex interaction
Mother’s education
Initial/incomplete/common secondary	0		0	0	0	0
Advanced secondary/partial university	0.43		0.45	0.32	0.32	0.15
	(0.29,0.57)		(0.31,0.60)	(0.18,0.47)	(0.18,0.47)	(0.03,0.27)
Completed university	0.91		0.92	0.63	0.62	0.29
	(0.67,1.14)		(0.68,1.15)	(0.38,0.87)	(0.38,0.87)	(0.07,0.51)
p-value for trend	< 0.01	0.010	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.77
Father’s education
Initial/incomplete/common secondary	0		0	0	0	0
Advanced secondary/partial university	0.15		0.18	0.09	0.09	−0.02
	(−0.06,0.36)		(− 0.03,0.38)	(− 0.09,0.28)	(− 0.09,0.27)	(− 0.19,0.15)
Completed university	0.57		0.58	0.34	0.34	0.03
	(0.36,0.77)		(0.37,0.79)	(0.15,0.53)	(0.15,0.53)	(−0.14,0.20)
p-value for trend	< 0.01	0.005	< 0.01	0.01	0.01	0.90	0.43
Highest household occupation
Manual worker	0		0	0	0	0
Non-manual worker	0.49		0.51	0.32	0.32	0.09
	(0.35,0.64)		(0.36,0.65)	(0.17,0.47)	(0.17,0.47)	(−0.06,0.24)
p-value for trend	< 0.01	0.008	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.22	0.81

Model 1: adjusted for urban or rural residence and East or West of Belarus.

Model 2: as Model 1 and additionally adjusted for study trial arm for breastfeeding promotion.

Model 3: as Model 2 and additionally adjusted for: parent’s age, smoking and alcohol intake, number of older and younger siblings.

Model 4: as Model 3 and additionally adjusted for: hospitalizations in infancy or childhood for any reason.

Model 5: as Model 4 and additionally adjusted for: mid-parental height.

Robust standard errors were used to compute confidence intervals and p-values to account for clustering by polyclinic.