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Canonical type I IFN induction and signaling pathway. (Gray) MHV RNA is recognized by MDA5, leading to expression of IFN-β. IFN-β mediates the transcription of antiviral ISGs. (Black) OAS-RNase L pathway. dsRNA activates OAS, which synthesizes 2-5A. The oligonucleotide activates RNase L to degrade viral and cellular RNA. MHV ns2 can degrade 2-5A.
