TABLE 4.
Frequency and adjusted ORs of neonatal outcomes at time of induction compared to delivery at later GA
| Variable | aORa | 95% CI | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5 min Apgar <7 | |||
| 39 wk’ GA | |||
| Induction (n = 42,793) | 0.89% | 0.81 | 0.72–0.92 |
| Expectant (n = 278,612) | 1.09% | Referent | |
| 40 wk’ GA | |||
| Induction (n = 52,469) | 1.00% | 0.80 | 0.71–0.90 |
| Expectant (n = 74,952) | 1.27% | Referent | |
| 41 wk’ GA | |||
| Induction (n = 28,381) | 1.19% | 0.66 | 0.51–0.86 |
| Expectant (n = 4729) | 1 78% | Referent | |
| Meconium aspiration | |||
| 39 wk’ GA | |||
| Induction (n = 23,963) | 0.08% | 0.30 | 0.19–0.48 |
| Expectant (n = 177,733) | 0.29% | Referent | |
| 40 wk’ GA | |||
| Induction (n = 30,263) | 0.20% | 0.57 | 0.43–0.78 |
| Expectant (n = 48,518) | 0.39% | Referent | |
| 41 wk’ GA | |||
| Induction (n = 17,379) | 0.33% | 0.92 | 0.45–1.89 |
| Expectant (n = 2739) | 0.40% | Referent | |
| Ventilator use >6 h | |||
| 39 wk’ GA | |||
| Induction (n = 18,890) | 0.25% | 0.68 | 0.49–0.94 |
| Expectant (n = 100,892) | 0.36% | Referent | |
| 40 wk’ GA | |||
| Induction (n = 22,194) | 0.28% | 0.56 | 0.40–0.78 |
| Expectant (n = 26,364) | 0.47% | Referent | |
| 41 wk’ GA | |||
| Induction (n = 10,980) | 0.56% | 1.58 | 0.67–3.70 |
| Expectant (n = 2003) | 0.35% | Referent | |
| NICU admission | |||
| 39 wk’ GA | |||
| Induction (n = 18,890 | 2.57% | 0.87 | 0.78–0.97 |
| Expectant (n = 100,892) | 3.05% | Referent | |
| 40 wk’ GA | |||
| Induction (n = 22,194) | 2.70% | 0.74 | 0.66–0.83 |
| Expectant (n = 26,364) | 3.60% | Referent | |
| 41 wk’ GA | |||
| Induction (n = 10,980) | 3.48% | 0.97 | 0.72–1.30 |
| Expectant (n = 2003) | 4.04% | Referent | |
| Composite morbidityb | |||
| 39 wk’ GA | |||
| Induction (n = 42,853) | 2.55% | 0.87 | 0.81–0.93 |
| Expectant (n = 278,625) | 2.97% | Referent | |
| 40 wk’ GA | |||
| Induction (n = 52,457) | 2.74% | 0.79 | 0.74–0.85 |
| Expectant (n = 74,882) | 3.50% | Referent | |
| 41 wk’ GA | |||
| Induction (n = 28,359) | 3.33% | 0.69 | 0.59–0.81 |
| Expectant (n = 4742) | 4.90% | Referent |
aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; GA, gestational age; NICU, neonatal intensive care unit.
a
Multivariable logistic regression controlling for: maternal age, race/ethnicity, number of prenatal care visits, gestational weight gain, cigarette smoking during pregnancy, education; referent comparison group composed of women induced at specific GA (39, 40, or 41 wk)
b
Includes: 5-min Apgar score <7, meconium aspiration syndrome, ventilator use >30 min or >6 h, birth injury, neonatal seizure, neonatal antibiotics use, and NICU admission.
Source: National Center for Health Statistics (2005).19