Figure 7.

All-trans retinoic acid (AT-RA) abrogated the induction of T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th17 cells in lymph nodes in vivo. Lymphocytes from draining lymph nodes (dLNs) of animals in both the AT-RA and control group were harvested on 0, 7, 15 and 21 dpi. Cells were stained with FITC-conjugated anti-CD4 and allophycocyanin-conjugated anti-CD3, then fixed, permeabilized, and stained intracellularly with phycoerythrin-conjugated anti-interleukin-17 (IL-17) or anti-interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Data shown are expressed as the mean ± SE of three experiments with five or six mice per group at each time-point. **P < 0·01, ***P < 0·001.