Participant flow diagram: 8 of the 12 patients (all with preserved ipsilesional responses) are common to the cSham and iSham groups. Abbreviations: ARAT, Action Research Arm Test; TMS, transcranial magnetic stimulation; TBS, theta burst stimulation; cSham, controlling for the cTBS group, with and without ipsilesional responses; iSham, controlling for the iTBS group, and all patients had ipsilesional responses; c, contralesional; i, ipsilesional; post1, post2, post3, outcome measures performed at 4, 30, and 90 days after the end of the treatment period.
*Meeting initial screening criteria (diagnosis of hemiparetic stroke).
**Center 1, UCL Institute of Neurology, UK; Center 2, Institute of Neurology, Università Cattolica, Rome, Italy.