Annual timing in adult male AGS of the (a) return to euthermy, (b) emergence from, and (e) entrance into hibernation (mean ± s.e.) at two nearby sites, Atigun (2006–2011) and Toolik (1999–2011), in northern Alaska, approximately 68°N. The (c) timing of adult female AGS emergence; (d) timing of 100% snowmelt; (f) timing of 100% snow-cover are also shown.