. 2012 Apr 16;14(3):361–364. doi: 10.1038/aja.2011.151

Table 2. Follow-up protocols and triggers indicating initiation of radical treatment in prospective active surveillance studies.

	Johns Hopkins University¹⁴	University of Toronto¹¹	PRIAS¹⁵	UCSF¹⁶	Japanese Multicenter¹²
PSA check	6 monthly	3 monthly	3 monthly	3 monthly	3 monthly
DRE check	6 monthly	6 monthly	6 monthly	n.d.	6 monthly
TRUS check	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	6–12 months	6 monthly
Repeat biopsy	Annually	6–12 months after AS and every 2–3 years thereafter	1 year after AS. PSA-DT >10years: every 3 years thereafter; PSA-DT: 3–10 years annually	Every 1–2 years	1 year after AS
Trigger for active treatment	Repeat biopsy: reclassification	PSA-DT <3 years Repeat biopsy: reclassification	PSA-DT<3 years Repeat biopsy: reclassification	PSAV >0.75 Repeat biopsy: reclassification	PSA-DT<2 years Repeat biopsy: reclassification

Abbreviations: DRE, digital rectal exam; n.d., not defined; PRIAS, the Prostate Cancer Research International: Active Surveillance; PSA, prostate-specific antigen; PSA-DT, PSA doubling time; TRUS, transrectal ultrasonography; UCSF, University of California, San Francisco.