Figure 2. In vivo ¹H MRS results obtained in the brain of “High Gln” and “Normal Gln” C57BL/6J mice.

A) Evolution of brain metabolite concentrations during mouse development at P 10, 20, 30, 60 and 90; open squares indicate “Normal Gln” mice and triangles indicate “High Gln” mice; and B) metabolite concentrations in the striatum (str), hippocampus (hip) and cortex (ctx) of “High Gln” and “Normal Gln” C57BL/6 mice at 4 and 12 months of age. Two-way ANOVA was performed at 5 developmental time-points (ages P10 to P90) comparing the “High Gln” mice to “Normal Gln” mice for each metabolite. Statistically significant differences for Gln, Tau and Ins between “High Gln” and “Normal Gln” mice (df = 1, F value between 23.6 and 625) are marked *(p<0.05), **(p<0.01) and ***(p<0.001). The age comparison showed statistical differences for all plotted metabolites (p<0.0001, df = 4, F value between 19.2 and 139) (not shown). We observed statistically significant age-dependent differences between groups for Ins and Gln (p = 0.002 and p<0.0001 respectively, df = 4, F value 4.47 and 66.7, respectively) (not shown). In adult mice two-way ANOVA was performed for each neurochemical at each age (4 and 12 months) in 2 groups (“High Gln” vs “Normal Gln” mice)×3 brain areas. Statistically significant differences for Gln, Glu, Tau, Ins and tCr between “High Gln” and “Normal Gln” mice (df = 1, F value between 14 and 519) are marked *(p<0.05), **(p<0.01) and ***(p<0.001). Additionally, the brain regions comparison showed statistical differences for some of the plotted metabolites (Glu, NAA, Tau, Ins p<0.001, df = 2, F value between 10 and 87) (not shown). Lac: lactate, GABA: γ-aminobutyrate, NAAG: N-acetylaspartylglutamate, NAA: N-acetylaspartate, Gln: glutamine, Glu: glutamate, Asp: aspartate, Cr: creatine, PCr: phosphocreatine, PE: phosphoethanolamine, PCho: phosphocholine, GPC: glycerophosphocholine, Tau: taurine, Ins: myo-inositol, Gly: glycine, GSH: glutathione, Asc: ascorbate.