Table I. Descriptive statistics for those with and without HRME/Rx-DIS exposure.
| Variable | HRME Exposure FY06 (n=94,648) |
No HRME Exposure FY06 (n=1712756) |
Rx-DIS Exposure FY06 (n=9101) |
No Rx-DIS Exposure FY06 (n=247487) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | % | % | % | % |
| Age | ||||
| 65-74 years | 51.4 | 45.0 | 30.6 | 29.2 |
| 75-84 years | 41.4 | 46.1 | 54.4 | 55.2 |
| ≥85 years | 7.3 | 8.9 | 15.0 | 15.6 |
| Women | 2.7 | 1.6 | 2.1 | 1.8 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| White | 71.2 | 65.7 | 69.1 | 68.3 |
| African American | 9.4 | 6.1 | 12.2 | 10.5 |
| Hispanic | 5.3 | 3.0 | 7.1 | 4.1 |
| Other | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.4 |
| Unknown | 12.6 | 24.0 | 10.1 | 15.8 |
| Under poverty limit | 75.6 | 57.7 | 79.5 | 70.3 |
| Clinical characteristics FY05 | ||||
| Count of medications | ||||
| 0-5 | 26.5 | 49.9 | 17.8 | 26.7 |
| 6-8 | 24.2 | 25.9 | 23.5 | 26.1 |
| 9-11 | 20.4 | 13.8 | 21.8 | 20.8 |
| ≥12 | 28.9 | 10.5 | 36.9 | 26.4 |
| Physical comorbidities FY05 | ||||
| 0-1 | 17.6 | 29.0 | 7.4 | 9.5 |
| 2-3 | 42.7 | 42.2 | 28.2 | 33.4 |
| 4-5 | 26.9 | 18.2 | 31.1 | 30.9 |
| ≥6 | 13.3 | 5.1 | 33.3 | 26.2 |
| Psychiatric comorbidities FY05 | ||||
| 0 | 78.4 | 87.8 | 62.3 | 74.8 |
| 1 | 15.9 | 9.9 | 25.6 | 18.7 |
| ≥2 | 5.7 | 2.4 | 12.2 | 6.6 |
| 1 or more emergency visits FY05 | 31.1 | 13.0 | 39.3 | 26.4 |
| 1 or more hospital admissions FY05 | 12.9 | 5.1 | 20.5 | 14.4 |
| 1 or more geriatric care visits FY05 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 7.9 | 6.3 |
| Primary care visits FY05 | ||||
| 0-1 | 14.1 | 27.4 | 11.7 | 16.9 |
| 2-4 | 51.7 | 55.9 | 45.2 | 51.2 |
| ≥5 | 34.2 | 16.7 | 43.0 | 31.9 |
| Outcomes up to one year after index date | ||||
| Hospital admission | 16.0 | 4.2 | 4.6 | 3.1 |
| Emergency care | 38.6 | 12.1 | 6.2 | 3.5 |
| Death | 9.1 | 4.2 | 15.6 | 10.0 |
HRME = High risk medication in the elderly
Rx-DIS=Drug disease interaction
FY = Fiscal Year.
All comparisons between exposed and unexposed statistically significant p <.001