Table 6. Clinical manifestation of parvovirus B19 infection among the sickle cell anemia (SCA) patients and the controls.
| Clinical manifestation | Control |
SCA Patient ˆ |
P-value* | P-value** | |
| IgM+ (n = 9) | IgM+ (n = 18) | IgM-ve (n = 55 ) | |||
| Asymptomatic | 5 (55.6) | 2 (11.1) | 22 (40) | 0.01 | 0.02 |
| Fever | 1 (11.1) | 13 (72.2) | 14 (25.4) | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Rash╩ | 3 (33.3) | 11 (61.1) | 9 (16.4) | 0.2 | 0.0002 |
| Swollen joints╩ | 0 (0) | 12 (66.7) | 10 (18.2) | ND | 0.0009 |
| Splenic sequestration | 0 (0) | 2 (11.1) | 5 (9.1) | ND | 0.8 |
| Poliomyelitis | 0 (0) | 1 (5.6) | 0 (0) | ND | ND |
| Leg ulcer | 0 (0) | 2 (16.7) | 3 (5.5) | ND | 0.4 |
| Acute chest syndrome╩ | 0 (0) | 3 (16.7) | 0 (0) | ND | ND |
| Severe haemolytic anaemia | 0 (0) | 1 (16.7) | 4 (7.3) | ND | 0.8 |
| Sepsis | 0 (0) | 1 (5.6) | 3 (5.5) | ND | 0.9 |
| Acute Bone pain╩ | 0 (0) | 4 (22.2) | 2 (3.6) | ND | 0.01 |
ˆ Inclusion of SCA patients (N = 9) with sera containing anti-parvovirus B19 IgG and IgM antibodies; ╩Included the two B19 DNA positive cases. P-values were obtained from Fischer exact test; *P-value (IgM + Control vs IgM + SCA); **P-value (IgM + SCA vs. IgM -ve SCA). ND: Not determined; P < 0.05 was considered to be significant.