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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jul 24.

Published in final edited form as: Child Dev. 2008 Nov-Dec;79(6):1761–1776. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2008.01224.x

Table 5.

Full Scale IQ and TRF Scores in Non-exposed vs. Exposed Groups

Groups	Full Scale IQ				Externalizing Total Score				Delinquent Behavior				Aggressive Behavior
	Non-Exposed (n = 110)		Exposed (n = 227)		Non-exposed (n = 80)		Exposed (n = 171)		Non-Exposed (n = 80)		Exposed (n = 171)		Non-Exposed (n = 80)		Exposed (n = 171)
	r	β	r	β	r	β	r	β	r	β	r	β	r	β	r	β
SES	.25^**	.18^†	.23^**	.22^**	.05	.09	.02	.06	−.06	.01	−.09	−.03	.07	.10	.05	.08
Number of children	−.28^**	−.24^**	−.10^†	−.10	.03	.03	.05	.05	.13	.14	.10^†	.09	.00	−.00	.03	.03
Presence of father	−.11	−.11	−.10^†	−.12^†	−.12	−.16	−.11^†	−.12	−.15^†	−.20^†	−.12^†	−.13^†	−.11	−.15	−.11^†	−.12
Stressful life events	.11	.16	.02	.04	−.03	.06	.00	.04	−.09	−.03	.06	.03	−.01	.07	−.01	.04
Depression	.06	.06	.02	.10	−.18^†	−.27^*	−.06	−.10	−.16^†	−.23^†	.02	−.08	−.17^†	−.26^*	−.08	−.10
Parent-child interaction	.11	.08	.19^**	.12^†	−.22^*	−.26^*	−.15^*	−.16^*	−.24^*	−.24^*	−.25^**	−.20^*	−.20^*	−.24^*	−.12^†	−.15^†
Parental violence	−.13 ^†	−.21^*	−.05	.02	.03	.10	−.08	−.11	.01	.10	.04	−.07	.04	.10	−.11^†	−.12
Current substance abuse	−.04	−.02	−.16^**	−.15^*	−.04	−.05	.07	.10	−.09	−.09	.24^**	.23^*	−.02	−.04	.03	.06
Multiple R	.42^**		.35^**		.36^**		.25^*		.39^**		.36^**		.34^**		.24^*
Cumulative risk index	−.19^**		−.15^*		.06		.06		.12		.20^**		.04		.03

^†

p < .10.

^*

p < .05.

^**

p < .01.