Table 1. The number and adjusted a percentage of low energy reporters (LERs) and non-low energy reporters (non-LERs), by sex, who reported consuming the listed food groups on the food frequency questionnaire: the Observing Protein and Energy Nutrition (OPEN) Study.
| Women | Men | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LER (n =100) | non-LER (n=102) | LER (n=120) | non-LER (n118) | |
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |
| 1. Yeast bread | 100 (100%) | 102 (100%) | 120 (100%) | 118 (100%) |
| 2. Crackers | 93 (93.0%) | 100 (98.0%) | 111 (92.4%) | 112 (95.3%) |
| 3. Muffins/biscuits | 95 (95.0%) | 102 (100%) | 116 (96.8%) | 112 (94.8%) |
| 4. Pancakes/waffles/French toast | 85 (84.5%) | 96 (94.4%) | 113 (94.2%) | 113 (95.7%) |
| 5. Cooked cereal | 80 (80.0%) | 72 (70.6%) | 79 (66.4%) | 79 (66.5%) |
| 6. Ready-to-eat cereal | 97 (97.1%) | 94 (91.9%) | 107 (89.0%) | 105 (90.1%) |
| 7. Rice/other cooked grains/mixtures | 97 (97.0%) | 101 (99.0%) | 115 (95.8%) | 118 (100%) |
| 8. Pasta/pasta mixtures | 99 (99.0%) | 102 (100%) | 119 (99.2%) | 118 (100%) |
| 9. Pizza | 96 (95.8%) | 99 (97.4%) | 117 (97.5%) | 112 (95.3%) |
| 10. Doughnuts/sweet rolls | 84 (83.7%) | 92 (90.4%) | 110 (91.6%) | 111 (94.1%) |
| 11. Cookies/brownies | 98 (98.0%) | 101 (99.0%) | 115 (95.8%) | 115 (97.5%) |
| 12. Cake/pie | 100 (100%) | 101 (99.0%) | 120 (100%) | 117 (99.2%) |
| 13. Chips/popcorn/pretzels | 99 (99.0%) | 101 (99.0%) | 119 (99.2%) | 118 (100%) |
| 14. Fruit juice | 98 (98.0%) | 101 (99.0%) | 116 (96.7%) | 115 (97.5%) |
| 15. Fruit | 100 (100%) | 102 (100%) | 120 (100%) | 118 (100%) |
| 16. White Potatoes | 100 (100%) | 102 (100%) | 119 (99.2%) | 118 (100%) |
| 17. Green Salad | 98 (98.0%) | 101 (99.0%) | 117 (97.5%) | 117 (99.2%) |
| 18. Other vegetables | 100 (100%) | 102 (100%) | 120 (100%) | 118 (100%) |
| 19. Milk on cereal | 88 (88.2%) | 85 (83.1%) | 100 (83.0%) | 101 (87.0%) |
| 20. Milk in coffee or tea | 53 (52.5%) | 52 (51.4%) | 61 (50.7%) | 55 (46.7%) |
| 21. Milk as beverage | 64 (63.3%) | 72 (71.2%) | 82 (67.8%) | 78 (66.8%) |
| 22. Cheese | 97 (97.0%) | 100 (98.0%) | 115 (95.8%) | 112 (94.9%) |
| 23. Yogurt | 79 (78.8%) | 85 (83.5%) | 76 (64.3%) | 82 (68.9%) |
| 24. Meat/fish/poultry | 100 (100%) | 102 (100%) | 120 (100%) | 116 (98.3%) |
| 25. Eggs/excluding mixtures | 90 (89.5%) | 93 (91.8%) | 108 (89.9%) | 102 (86.7%) |
| 26. Meat/fish/poultry/egg sandwich/mixtures | 100 (100%) | 101 (99.0%) | 120 (100%) | 118 (100%) |
| 27. Beer | 45 (43.0%) | 43 (44.0%) | 84 (69.4%) | 92 (78.9%) |
| 28. Wine | 66 (64.5%) | 75 (75.2%) | 81 (68.7%) | 89 (74.9%) |
| 29. Liquor | 41 (40.2%) | 53 (52.7%) | 72 (59.4%) | 74 (63.4%) |
| 30. Coffee/tea | 94 (94.6%) | 100 (97.9%) | 115 (95.8%) | 113 (96.0%) |
| 31. Soft drinks/regular b | 66 (64.3%) | 84 (83.8%) * | 107 (89.0%) | 98 (84.0%) |
| 32. Soft drinks/diet | 65 (65.4%) | 43 (41.7%) * | 63 (51.8%) | 47 (40.5%) |
| 33. Candy | 98 (98.0%) | 102 (100%) | 118 (98.3%) | 116 (98.3%) |
| 34. Sweets/spreads/syrups | 97 (97.0%) | 100 (98.0%) | 119 (99.2%) | 116 (98.3%) |
| 35. Fat-type spreads | 97 (97.0%) | 101 (99.0%) | 115 (95.8%) | 116 (98.4%) |
| 36. Cream/creamer/liquid | 27 (24.4%) | 25 (26.0%) | 30 (24.4%) | 32 (27.6%) |
| 37. Cream/creamer/not whipped | 50 (52.0%) | 44 (41.1%) | 50 (40.1%) | 53 (46.3%) |
| 38. Dressing/not mayo-type | 96 (95.8%) | 98 (96.3%) | 116 (96.7%) | 112 (95.7%) |
| 39. Mayo-type dressing | 93 (92.6%) | 97 (95.6%) | 107 (89.0%) | 105 (89.2%) |
| 40. Soups | 99 (99.0%) | 98 (96.1%) | 119 (99.2%) | 117 (99.2%) |
| 41. Nuts/seeds | 95 (94.8%) | 101 (99.1%) | 118 (98.3%) | 117 (99.2%) |
| 42. Frozen dairy dessert | 96 (96.0%) | 101 (99.0%) | 117 (97.5%) | 115 (97.5%) |
| 43. Condiments | 98 (98.0%) | 102 (100%) | 120 (100%) | 117 (99.2%) |
*
Percentages statistically significantly different p ≤ 0.01.
a
Percentages adjusted for individual doubly labeled water using logistic regression except for the following foods when close to 100% of the LERs or non-LERs reported consuming a food: in both men and women (yeast bread, rice/other cooked grains/mixtures, pasta/pasta mixtures, cookies/brownies, cake/pie, chips/popcorn/pretzels, fruit juice, fruit, white potatoes, green salad, other vegetables, cheese, meat/fish/poultry, meat/fish/poultry/egg sandwich/mixtures, candy, sweets/spreads/syrups, soups, condiments), women alone (crackers, muffins/biscuits, fat-type spreads, frozen dairy dessert), in men alone (nuts/seeds)
b
Significant interaction between LER status and sex (p ≤ 0.05).