Table 3. Multivariate Hazard Ratios and Attributable Fraction by Age Group.
Number of low-risk factors =2: BMI < 25, highest quintile of physical activity
Number of low-risk factors=3: above low-risk factors plus highest quintile of DASH diet
Number of low-risk factors=4: above low-risk factors plus no history of regular analgesic use
Number of low-risk factors=5: above low-risk factors plus moderate alcohol intake (<15 g/d)
| Age Category | Number of low-risk factors |
Exposed population (%) |
Multivariate Hazard Ratio (95% CI) |
Absolute Risk Difference (ARD), Cases per 1000 Person-Years |
Number Needed to Treat (NNT) for 10y |
Attributable Fraction (AF) (%) (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age ≤ 50 | 2 | 12 | 0.52 (0.46-0.59) | 9.7 | 10.3 | 45 (38-51) |
| 3 | 3 | 0.46 (0.35-0.60) | 10.4 | 9.6 | 53 (39-64) | |
| 4 | 0.4 | 0.16 (0.05-0.50) | 15.8 | 6.3 | 83 (50-95) | |
| 5 | 0.3 | 0.13 (0.03-0.52) | 16.2 | 6.2 | 87 (48-97) | |
| Age 51-60 | 2 | 12 | 0.61 (0.57-0.66) | 11.8 | 8.5 | 36 (31-40) |
| 3 | 4 | 0.56 (0.49-0.63) | 14.1 | 7.1 | 43 (36-50) | |
| 4 | 0.9 | 0.33 (0.24-0.46) | 21.3 | 4.7 | 67 (54-76) | |
| 5 | 0.8 | 0.35 (0.25-0.48) | 20.6 | 4.9 | 65 (52-75) | |
| Age 61+ | 2 | 15 | 0.76 (0.72-0.80) | 11.4 | 8.7 | 21 (18-25) |
| 3 | 5 | 0.75 (0.69-0.82) | 11.6 | 8.6 | 24 (18-30) | |
| 4 | 1.3 | 0.63 (0.53-0.75) | 22.0 | 4.5 | 37 (25-47) | |
| 5 | 1.1 | 0.62 (0.51-0.75) | 17.7 | 5.6 | 38 (25-49) |
Regression models were adjusted for race/ethnicity, smoking status (current, never or former), categories of supplemental folic acid intake, menopause status, and family history of hypertension.