Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
(a) Pulse sequence in a four-wave mixing experiment. Three pulses k1, k2, and k3 induce a polarization in the molecule, which is probed by the heterodyne field kI at kI = −k1 +k2 +k3. t1–t3 denote time intervals between consecutive pulses. (b) Loop diagrams representing the stimulated-emission (SE), ground-state-bleaching (GSB), and excited-state-absorption (ESA) contributions to the signal.
