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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Virology. 2013 Jun 12;443(2):375–383. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2013.05.027

Fig. 5. 17β-estradiol induces β-catenin signaling.

Fig. 5

PBMCs were stimulated and treated with 17β-estradiol (1.5nM) for three days. Western blot and densitometry quantification for active -catenin measured by Western blot is shown in (a). Flow cytometric analysis of active β-catenin expression in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells is shown in (b). Level of downstream targets of Wnt/β-catenin pathway (axin-2, c-Myc, cyclin D-1) post 17β estradiol treatment performed by real time RT-PCR is shown in (c). GAPDH was used as endogenous control and data shown as fold change relative to untreated cells. In (d) PBMCs were stimulated with antiCD3/CD28 for 48h and nucleofected with a dominant negative plasmid for TCF-4 (dnTCF4) or backbone vector (pcDNA). Post nucleofection the cells were treated with 17β-estradiol (1.5nM) for three days and axin-2 and c-myc mRNA level was evaluated by real-time RT-PCR. GAPDH was used as endogenous control. Data is representative of a minimum of three experiments and analyzed by Student T-test; *p<0.05.