Table.
Comparison of phase I and II of the FOTO-ED study.
| Phase I1,2,6 (Direct ophthalmoscopy) |
Phase II (Non-mydriatic photography) |
|
|---|---|---|
| Number of patients | 350 | 354 |
| Median age, years (interquartile range) | 44.5 (31–59) | 45.9 (33–57) |
| Number of women (%) | 220 (63) | 251 (71) |
| Chief complaints (%)* | ||
| - Headache | 228 (65) | 206 (58) |
| - Focal neurologic deficit | 100 (29) | 123 (35) |
| - Visual changes | 92 (26) | 56 (16) |
| - DBP ≥ 120 mmHg | 21 (6) | 21 (6) |
| Quality of photographs (%) | ||
| - Patients with at least one high quality (grade 4 or 5) photograph | 297 (85) | 268 (76) |
| - Patients with high quality of both eyes | 215 (61) | 226 (64) |
| - Patients with no photographs of diagnostic value (grade 1) | 12 (3) | 4 (1) |
| Number of relevant findings (%) | 44 (13) | 35 (10) |
| - Optic disc edema | 13 | 6 |
| - Grade III/IV HTN retinopathy | 10 | 6 |
| - Isolated intraocular hemorrhage | 13 | 7 |
| - Optic disc pallor | 4 | 15 |
| - Retinal vascular occlusion | 4 | 1 |
| ED physician fundus examination technique | Direct ophthalmoscopy | Non-mydriatic photography |
| Number of patients whose ocular fundus was viewed by ED physicians (%) | 48 (14) | 239 (68) |
| Number of abnormalities correctly detected by ED physician examination (%)♦ | 0 (0) | 16 (46) |
*
Note these sum to more than 100% because patients were allowed to report more than one complaint,
♦
absolute difference: 46%; 95%CI: 29–62%
FOTO-ED=Fundus photography vs. Ophthalmoscopy Trial Outcomes in the Emergency Department; DBP=diastolic blood pressure; HTN=hypertensive