Table 2.
Maximum angle of coupling motions on the natural test and the neutral test.
| Primary | Coupling | Natural test (°) | Neutral test (°) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD | ICC (95% CI) | Mean ± SD | ICC (95% CI) | ||
| Extension | Lateral bending | 7.50 ± 4.93 | 0.95 (0.90–0.98) | 5.79 ± 3.60 | 0.97 (0.93–0.99) |
| Axial rotations | 8.44 ± 4.56 | 0.94 (0.88–0.98) | 6.52 ± 2.75 | 0.83 (0.65–0.94) | |
| Flexion | Lateral bending | 7.63 ± 5.56 | 0.98 (0.97–0.99) | 5.61 ± 3.08 | 0.94 (0.87–0.98) |
| Axial rotations | 7.89 ± 4.31 | 0.97 (0.94–0.99) | 6.18 ± 2.63 | 0.86 (0.70–0.95) | |
| Left bending | Extension and flexion | 13.14 ± 6.22 | 0.95 (0.90–0.98) | 9.93 ± 4.86 | 0.96 (0.93–0.99) |
| Axial rotations | 12.21 ± 5.78 | 0.93 (0.85–0.97) | 12.35 ± 5.71 | 0.95 (0.90–0.98) | |
| Right bending | Extension and flexion | 7.72 ± 3.25 | 0.90 (0.78–0.96) | 6.22 ± 2.74 | 0.93 (0.86–0.97) |
| Axial rotations | 14.92 ± 6.86 | 0.97 (0.94–0.99) | 14.19 ± 7.34 | 0.97 (0.95–0.99) | |
| Left rotation | Lateral bending | 7.59 ± 4.20 | 0.97 (0.94–0.99) | 5.59 ± 3.12 | 0.95 (0.91–0.98) |
| Extension and flexion | 7.38 ± 3.78 | 0.96 (0.92–0.98) | 6.40 ± 3.05 | 0.94 (0.88–0.98) | |
| Right rotation | Lateral bending | 7.09 ± 3.31 | 0.97 (0.94–0.99) | 6.34 ± 3.58 | 0.96 (0.92–0.99) |
| Extension and flexion | 7.52 ± 3.32 | 0.97 (0.93–0.99) | 6.22 ± 3.52 | 0.96 (0.91–0.98) | |
SD: standard deviation; ICC: intraclass correlation coefficient; CI: confidence interval.