Table 3.
Average angle ratio and maximum angle ratio of coupling motions on the natural test and the neutral test.
| Primary | Coupling | AAR (mean ± SD) | MAR (mean ± SD) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Natural test | Neutral test | Natural test | Neutral test | ||
| Extension | Lateral bending | 0.09 ± 0.05 | 0.09 ± 0.06 | 0.13 ± 0.09 | 0.11 ± 0.07 |
| Axial rotations | 0.14 ± 0.09 | 0.13 ± 0.07 | 0.15 ± 0.08 | 0.13 ± 0.06 | |
| Flexion | Lateral bending | 0.10 ± 0.06 | 0.09 ± 0.04 | 0.12 ± 0.08 | 0.10 ± 0.05 |
| Axial rotations | 0.12 ± 0.07 | 0.12 ± 0.09 | 0.13 ± 0.06 | 0.12 ± 0.06 | |
| Left bending | Extension and flexion | 0.27 ± 0.13 | 0.22 ± 0.13 | 0.30 ± 0.14 | 0.24 ± 0.12 |
| Axial rotations | 0.29 ± 0.16 | 0.16 ± 0.11 | 0.28 ± 0.12 | 0.30 ± 0.13 | |
| Right bending | Extension and flexion | 0.16 ± 0.09 | 0.29 ± 0.15 | 0.17 ± 0.07 | 0.15 ± 0.07 |
| Axial rotations | 0.34 ± 0.18 | 0.37 ± 0.25 | 0.34 ± 0.16 | 0.35 ± 0.19 | |
| Left rotation | Extension and flexion | 0.09 ± 0.06 | 0.08 ± 0.04 | 0.11 ± 0.06 | 0.08 ± 0.04 |
| Lateral bending | 0.11 ± 0.06 | 0.12 ± 0.09 | 0.10 ± 0.05 | 0.10 ± 0.05 | |
| Right rotation | Extension and flexion | 0.09 ± 0.05 | 0.08 ± 0.04 | 0.09 ± 0.04 | 0.09 ± 0.04 |
| Lateral bending | 0.13 ± 0.08 | 0.12 ± 0.09 | 0.10 ± 0.05 | 0.09 ± 0.06 | |
SD: standard deviation; AAR: average angle ratio; MAR: Maximum angle ratio.