Table 1.
Characteristics of the nondrinkers, light drinkers, moderate drinkers and heavy drinkers in patients with diabetes
| Nondrinkers | Light drinkers | Moderate drinkers | Heavy drinkers | Overall | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number |
567 |
167 |
439 |
304 |
1477 |
| Age (years) |
52.4 ± 8.6 |
56.1 ± 6.4** |
55.2 ± 7.1** |
54.1 ± 6.6* |
54.0 ± 7.7 |
| Body weight (kg) |
72.9 ± 15.6 |
69.4 ± 10.9* |
68.6 ± 11.0** |
71.0 ± 11.9 |
70.8 ± 13.2 |
| Waist circumference (cm) |
89.0 ± 11.6 |
86.9 ± 8.2 |
86.4 ± 8.5** |
88.0 ± 8.8 |
87.8 ± 9.9 |
| Smokers (%) |
48.5 |
48.5 |
60.8** |
59.2** |
54.4 |
| Regular exercise (%) |
9.9 |
13.8 |
12.1 |
9.5 |
10.9 |
| Drug therapy for diabetes (%) |
52.9 |
54.5 |
50.3 |
44.4* |
50.6 |
| Hemoglobin A1c (%) |
7.84 ± 1.72 |
7.68 ± 1.57 |
7.48 ± 1.41** |
7.70 ± 1.44 |
7.69 ± 1.56 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) |
144 (93, 223) |
120 (78, 175)** |
131 (81, 216) |
164 (99, 256)# |
142 (90, 223) |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) |
47.1 ± 11.8 |
53.1 ± 13.5** |
56.5 ± 14.7** |
57.2 ± 14.7** |
52.7 ± 14.3 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) |
124.9 ± 31.5 |
122.3 ± 32.2 |
115.7 ± 32.1** |
111.1 ± 34.8** |
119.0 ± 32.9 |
| LDL-C/HDL-C ratio |
2.81 ± 0.96 |
2.47 ± 0.93** |
2.19 ± 0.82** |
2.06 ± 0.82** |
2.43 ± 0.94 |
| TG/HDL-C ratio |
3.16 (1.87, 5.58) |
2.33 (1.42, 3.79)** |
2.36 (1.31, 4.47)** |
2.96 (1.65, 5.46) |
2.77 (1.56, 5.00) |
| LAP | 38.2 (18.7, 65.5) | 28.2 (18.5, 50.4)** | 32.6 (16.7, 58.5) | 40.4 (22.0, 73.9)** | 36.0 (18.5, 63.8) |
The numbers of subjects in each group, percentage of subjects with a smoking habit, a habit of regular exercise or who received drug therapy for diabetes, the means with the standard deviations for each variable and the medians with 25th and 75th percentile values of each variable are shown. Symbols denote significant differences from nondrinkers (*, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01). A marginally significant difference from nondrinkers (#, p = 0.053).