Table 2.
Epidemiologic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients in the 3 Validation Data Sets
| Risk Factor | Case–Control Studies |
LLPC |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EUELC (n= 1868) |
Harvard (n= 2922) |
Cohort Size, n (%) |
Lung Cancer Incidence, n (%) |
Cohort With Disease, % |
|||
| Case Patients, n (%) |
Control Participants, n (%) |
Case Patients, n (%) |
Control Participants, n (%) |
||||
| All participants | 585 (31.3) | 1283 (68.7) | 1738 (59.5) | 1184 (40.5) | 7652 | 420 | 5.5 |
| Sex | |||||||
| Male | 448 (76.6) | 956 (74.5) | 945 (54.4) | 546 (46.1) | 3587 (46.9) | 234 (55.7) | 6.5 |
| Female | 137 (23.4) | 327 (25.5) | 793 (45.6) | 638 (53.9) | 4065 (53.1) | 186 (44.3) | 4.6 |
| Age | |||||||
| <50 y | 35 (5.9) | 97 (7.6) | 137 (7.9) | 215 (18.2) | 803 (10.5) | 10 (2.4) | 1.3 |
| 50–59 y | 178 (30.4) | 401 (31.3) | 370 (21.3) | 289 (24.4) | 2481 (32.4) | 71 (16.9) | 2.9 |
| 60–69 y | 221 (37.8) | 491 (38.3) | 621 (35.7) | 413 (34.9) | 2890 (37.8) | 172 (41.0) | 6.0 |
| 70–79 y | 139 (23.8) | 265 (20.7) | 520 (29.9) | 245 (20.7) | 1451 (18.9) | 152 (36.2) | 10.5 |
| ≥80 y | 12 (2.1) | 29 (2.3) | 90 (5.2) | 22 (1.9) | 27 (0.4) | 15 (3.6) | 55.6 |
| Smoking duration | |||||||
| Never | 41 (7.0) | 361 (28.1) | 114 (6.6) | 396 (33.5) | 2783 (36.4) | 31 (7.4) | 1.1 |
| 1–19 y | 33 (5.6) | 181 (14.1) | 122 (7.0) | 207 (17.5) | 1302 (17.0) | 29 (6.9) | 2.2 |
| 20–39 y | 226 (38.6) | 418 (32.6) | 646 (37.2) | 391 (33.0) | 2013 (26.3) | 122 (29.1) | 6.1 |
| 40–59 y | 270 (46.2) | 307 (23.9) | 797 (45.9) | 182 (15.4) | 1496 (19.6) | 223 (53.1) | 14.9 |
| ≥60 y | 15 (2.6) | 16 (1.3) | 59 (3.4) | 8 (0.7) | 58 (0.8) | 15 (3.6) | 25.9 |
| History of pneumonia | |||||||
| No | 486 (83.1) | 1112 (86.7) | 931 (53.6) | 888 (75.0) | 6707 (87.7) | 360 (85.7) | 5.4 |
| Yes | 99 (16.9) | 171 (13.3) | 807 (46.4) | 296 (25.0) | 945 (12.3) | 60 (14.3) | 6.4 |
| History of cancer | |||||||
| No | 463 (79.2) | 1144 (89.2) | 947 (54.5) | 736 (62.2) | 6802 (88.9) | 297 (70.7) | 4.4 |
| Yes | 122 (20.9) | 139 (10.8) | 791 (45.5) | 448 (37.8) | 852 (11.1) | 123 (29.3) | 14.5 |
| Asbestos exposure* | |||||||
| No | 468 (80.0) | 1209 (94.2) | 1335 (76.8) | 1171 (98.9) | – | – | – |
| Yes | 117 (20.0) | 74 (5.8) | 403 (23.2) | 13 (1.1) | – | – | – |
| Family history of lung cancer | |||||||
| None | 480 (82.1) | 1115 (86.9) | 1446 (83.2) | 1045 (88.3) | 6161 (80.5) | 352 (83.8) | 5.7 |
| Early onset (age <60 y) | 69 (11.8) | 101 (7.9) | 174 (10.1) | 74 (6.3) | 973 (12.7) | 39 (9.3) | 4.0 |
| Late onset (age ≥60 y) | 36 (6.2) | 67 (5.2) | 118 (6.8) | 65 (5.5) | 518 (6.7) | 29 (6.9) | 5.6 |
EUELC = European Early Lung Cancer; LLPC = Liverpool Lung Project prospective cohort.
*
Data on asbestos exposure were missing for 7387 LLPC participants (96.5%).