Table 3.

Sensitivity, Specificity, Net Benefit, Net Gain, and AUC of the LLP Risk Model for Specified Risk Thresholds in Each of 3 Populations

Variable and Measure	Study Population
	EUELC	Harvard	LLPC
Absolute risk threshold*
2.5%
Sensitivity, %	55.2	64.7	74.3
Specificity, %	69.8	73.1	67.4
Accuracy, %	65.2	68.1	67.8
Net benefit	0.0190	0.0345	0.0261
Net gain, %†	1.1	0.9	0.53
5.0%
Sensitivity, %	35.7	49.4	57.4
Specificity, %	84.3	87.1	81.1
Accuracy, %	69.1	64.7	79.8
Net benefit	0.0127	0.0249	0.0171
Net gain, %†	3.0	2.52	2.3
10.0%
Sensitivity, %	14.2	25.3	27.9
Specificity, %	94.3	95.7	92.5
Accuracy, %	69.2	53.8	89.0
Net benefit	0.0055	0.0134	0.0060
Net gain, %†	7.65	6.87	6.78
Discriminative performance
AUC (95% CI)	0.67 (0.64–0.69)	0.76 (0.75–0.78)	0.82 (0.80–0.85)

AUC = area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve; EUELC = European Early Lung Cancer; = Liverpool Lung Project; = Liverpool Lung Project prospective cohort.

^*Absolute risk for lung cancer at which screening is initiated.

^†Gain in net benefit for LLP risk model over a screen-all strategy.