Figure 3. Transplantation of UC-MSCs educated CD4⁺CD25⁺ T regulatory cells inhibited microglia activation and reduced the the level of Aβ in Tg mice.

Immunofluorescence using a primary antibody (Iba-1) in conjunction with TRITC-conjugated secondary antibody was used to label microglia. Thiofalvin S staining was used to label the Aβ plaque.

A & B Representative result of activated microglia in the brain of AβPPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic mice with systemic transplantation of UC-MSCs educated CD4⁺CD25⁺ T regulatory cells (A) and PBS (B).

C The bar showed that systemic transplantation of UC-MSCs educated CD4⁺CD25⁺ T regulatory cells significantly reduced the number of the Iba-1 positive cells in the brain of Tg mice. Data from 10 serial sections at an interval of every 5^th section through the bilateral cortex and hippocampus were summed to derive representative values for each animal for positive cells and 6 mice per group. Data are reported as mean ±S.E.M. *p<0.05.

D & E Representative results of Aβ plaque in the cortex of βPPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic mice with systemic transplantation of UC-MSCs educated CD4⁺CD25⁺ T regulatory cells (D) and PBS (E).

G&H Representative results of Aβ plaque in the hippocampus of AβPPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic mice with systemic transplantation of UC-MSCs educated CD4⁺CD25⁺ T regulatory cells (G) and PBS (H).

F&I The bar showed that Systemic transplantation of UC-MSCs educated CD4⁺CD25⁺ T regulatory cells significantly reduced the area of Aβ plaque in the cortex (F) and hippocampus (I). Data from 10 serial sections at an interval of every 5^th section through the bilateral cortex and hippocampus were summed to derive representative values for each animal for total plaque area and 6 mice per group. Data are reported as mean ±S.E.M. **p<0.01.

J&K The bar showed that systemic transplantation of UC-MSCs educated CD4⁺CD25⁺ T regulatory cells significantly reduced the level of the whole brain soluble Aβ1-42 (J) and Aβ1-40 (K) by ELISA test. Data from 6 mice are reported as mean ±S.E.M. *p<0.05.