Table 4.
Associations (Odds Ratios) of Sociodemographics, Prior Mental Disorders, and Potentially Traumatic Experience (PTE) Types With DSM-IV/CIDI PTSD Onset in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A)a (n=6,483)
| Total Sample (n=6,483)
|
Trauma-Exposed Adolescents (n=3,898)
|
|||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1: Sociodemographics | Model 2: Sociodemographics, Prior mental disorders | Model 3: Sociodemographics | Model 4: Sociodemographics, Worst event | Model 5: Sociodemographics, Worst event, Prior PTEs | Model 6: Sociodemographics, Worst event, Prior PTEs, Prior mental disorders | |||||||
| OR | (95% CI) | OR | (95% CI) | OR | (95% CI) | OR | (95% CI) | OR | (95% CI) | OR | (95% CI) | |
|
|
|
|||||||||||
| Sex | ||||||||||||
| Females | 3.5* | (2.2–5.6) | 3.6* | (2.2–5.8) | 3.6* | (2.3–5.5) | 2.8* | (1.6–4.7) | 2.8* | (1.7–4.6) | 2.5* | (1.4–4.3) |
| Males | 1.0 | [Reference] | 1.0 | [Reference] | 1.0 | [Reference] | 1.0 | [Reference] | 1.0 | [Reference] | 1.0 | [Reference] |
| χ21 | 27.7* | 26.5* | 34.1* | 14.3* | 16.0* | 10.7* | ||||||
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||||||||
| Hispanic | 0.6 | (0.4–1.1) | 0.7 | (0.4–1.1) | 0.5* | (0.3–0.9) | 0.6 | (0.3–1.1) | 0.6 | (0.3–1.2) | 0.7 | (0.4–1.2) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 0.7 | (0.3–1.5) | 0.8 | (0.4–1.6) | 0.7 | (0.4–1.4) | 0.7 | (0.3–1.5) | 0.7 | (0.3–1.6) | 0.7 | (0.3–1.4) |
| Other | 1.0 | (0.5–2.2) | 0.8 | (0.4–2.0) | 0.9 | (0.5–1.9) | 0.9 | (0.3–2.6) | 0.9 | (0.3–2.5) | 0.8 | (0.3–2.3) |
| Non-Hispanic White | 1.0 | [Reference] | 1.0 | [Reference] | 1.0 | [Reference] | 1.0 | [Reference] | 1.0 | [Reference] | 1.0 | [Reference] |
| χ23 | 3.8 | 2.5 | 5.1 | 2.9 | 2.5 | 2.5 | ||||||
| Urbanicity | ||||||||||||
| Metro/other urban | 1.1 | (0.7–1.7) | 1.1 | (0.7–1.7) | 1.3 | (0.9–1.8) | 1.1 | (0.7–1.7) | 1.2 | (0.8–1.8) | 1.4 | (0.9–2.0) |
| Rural | 1.0 | [Reference] | 1.0 | [Reference] | 1.0 | [Reference] | 1.0 | [Reference] | 1.0 | [Reference] | 1.0 | [Reference] |
| χ21 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 1.7 | 0.3 | 1.1 | 2.5 | ||||||
| Biological parents in home | ||||||||||||
| ≤1 | 2.0* | (1.3–3.0) | 1.8* | (1.2–2.6) | 1.8* | (1.2–2.7) | 1.8* | (1.1–2.8) | 1.5 | (1.0–2.4) | 1.5 | (0.9–2.3) |
| 2 | 1.0 | [Reference] | 1.0 | [Reference] | 1.0 | [Reference] | 1.0 | [Reference] | 1.0 | [Reference] | 1.0 | [Reference] |
| χ21 | 10.9* | 9.2* | 8.2* | 6.5* | 3.3 | 2.9 | ||||||
| Prior mental disordersc | ||||||||||||
| Fear | 1.5* | (1.1–1.9) | 1.7* | (1.4–2.2) | ||||||||
| Distress | 1.8* | (1.4–2.4) | 1.8* | (1.3–2.4) | ||||||||
| Behavior | 1.1 | (0.8–1.5) | 0.8 | (0.5–1.2) | ||||||||
| Substance | 1.5* | (1.0–2.2) | 1.7 | (0.9–3.2) | ||||||||
| Bipolar | 2.0* | (1.1–3.5) | 1.6 | (0.7–3.8) | ||||||||
| χ25 | 152.3* | 51.8* | ||||||||||
| Worst Evente | ||||||||||||
| χ219 | 499.0* | 557.1* | 602.1* | |||||||||
| Prior PTEsf | ||||||||||||
| χ219 | 279.7* | 93.9* | ||||||||||
Note: PTSD=posttraumatic stress disorder.
Models were estimated using discrete-time survival analysis with person-years as the unit of analysis.
Variables represent counts of fear, distress, behavior, substance, and bipolar disorders with onsets prior to occurrence of respondents’ self-reported worst PTE.
19 dummy variables included to indicate the respondents’ self-reported worst event and any other PTEs occurring in the same year as the worst.
Variables represent counts of PTEs occurring prior to respondents’ self-reported worst PTE.
Significant at the .05 level, 2-sided test